平卧菊三七黄嘌呤氧化酶活性抑制提取物的成分分析和降尿酸作用

Components analysis and lowering uric acid ability of anti-xanthine oxidase active extract from Gynura procumbens(Lour.)Merr.

抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶(xanthine oxidase,XOD)活性降低尿酸生成是预防和治疗高尿酸血症的有效手段。为获得安全性高的天然来源XOD活性抑制剂,该文以XOD活性抑制率为指标,优化超声波提取条件获得食药兼用资源平卧菊三七XOD活性抑制提取物(Gynura procumbens(Lour.)Merr.extract,GE),利用液质联用技术鉴定其物质组成,并检测其降高尿酸血症小鼠血尿酸作用。经超高效液相色谱串联四级杆飞行时间质谱分析发现,GE主要含有4个单咖啡酰基奎尼酸、6个二咖啡酰基奎尼酸等绿原酸类物质和槲皮素及3个糖苷、山奈酚及1个糖苷等黄酮类物质。GE经乙酸乙酯萃取(GEA)和正丁醇萃取(GEB)后,XOD活性抑制率均提高。动物实验表明,GE、GEA和GEB均有效降低血清尿酸水平和肝XOD活性(P<0.01),显著降低肝丙二醛水平(P<0.01)、升高超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性,降低促炎因子IL-6和TNF-α含量(P<0.05)、恢复抑炎因子IL-10水平(P<0.01),从而减轻肾脏尿酸盐沉积和炎症,且GEA和GEB效果好于GE。研究结果可为开发食药资源降尿酸护肝肾产品提供理论基础。

Inhibiting the activity of xanthine oxidase(XOD)to reduce body uric acid production is an effective way to prevent or treat hyperuricemia.To obtain highly safe XOD activity inhibitors from natural sources,the ultrasonic extraction conditions were optimized using XOD activity inhibition rate as the indicator to get the XOD activity inhibition extract(GE)from an edible and medicinal resource,Gynura procumbens(Lour.)Merr..The composition of GE was identified with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technology,and its effect on reducing blood uric acid in hyperuricemia mice was tested.Through ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q/TOF-MS)analysis,it was found that GE mainly contains chlorogenic acids,including 4 mono-caffeoyl quinic acids and 6 di-caffeoyl quinic acids,as well as 6 flavonoids,including quercetin and its three glycosides,kaempferol and one glycoside.The XOD activity inhibition rates of ethyl acetate extraction fraction(GEA)and n-butanol extraction fraction(GEB)derived from GE were higher than that of GE.Animal experiment results showed that GE,GEA,and GEB effectively reduced serum uric acid levels and liver XOD activity induced by hypoxanthine and potassium oxazinate(P<0.01),significantly lowered liver malondialdehyde levels(P<0.01),increased antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase and catalase activities,reduced the levels of serum cytokine IL-6 and TNF-α(P<0.05),restored IL-10 level(P<0.01),thereby alleviating renal urate deposition and inflammation,and GEA and GEB had better effects than GE.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the development of uric acid lowering and liver and kidney protection products from food and drug resources such as Gynura procumbens(Lour.)Merr..