中国大学生女子冰壶队临场竞技表现的实证分析与启示

Empirical Analysis and Inspiration of Chinese Women's University Curling Team's On-the-spot Competitive Performance

旨在提升我国冰壶运动员的竞技实力和备战参赛的科学化水平,采用文献资料法、现场观察法、专家访谈法和数理统计法,分析中国女队在第31届世界大学生冬季运动会期间的备战参赛过程和临场竞技表现,探索夺冠致胜的备战策略和参赛方案。研究结果:中国女队的平均年龄排在第5位,参加世界冰壶联合会赛事的人均次数排在第4位;失分方面可见显著性差异,得分方面未见显著性差异;循环赛胜场与负场,以及循环赛胜场与复赛之间的后手进攻效率可见显著性差异;一垒投壶成功率在循环赛胜场与负场之间可见显著性差异。结论:中国女队大赛经验丰富,年龄结构合理,战术体系尚不成熟;得分能力稳定,防失分能力较强,得大分能力有限;后手攻防能力薄弱,先手攻防能力优异;一垒投壶成功率直接决定着对比赛的控制程度。研究提出:要精准收集竞技信息,以便科学掌控备战参赛工作;要制定适宜参赛目标,以便正确引导备战参赛行为;要科学设计赛前训练,以便实现竞技能力的优化整合;要实时分析临场数据,以便实现临场指导的科学决策;要有效激发团队动力,以便实现互动过程的协调优化。以期助力中国冰壶队在赛场上更好的展示训练成效和获得理想的竞技表现与竞技成绩。

This study aims to enhance the competitive strength of Chinese curling athletes and the scientific level of preparation and participation in competitions.By adopting methods such as literature review,field observation,expert interviews,and mathematical statistics,it analyzes the process of preparation and the on-the-spot competitive performance of the Chinese women's curling team before and during the 31"Winter Universiade and explores the championship-winning strategies and participation plans.The research results showed that the average age of Chinese women curlers ranked top 5 and the per capita participation of WCF events of each curler ranked top 4 of all participating teams.There was a significant difference in losing points(P=0.034),but no significant difference was observed in scoring points(P=0.064).There were significant differences in the efficiency of the hammer offense between the victories and defeats(P=0.022)in the curling round-robin and between the victories in the round-robin and the playoffs(P=0.022).There was a significant difference in the success rate of the first throw between the victories and defeats in the round-robin(P=0.026).Conclusion:The Chinese women's curling team boasts rich competition experience and a reasonable age structure,but the strategy system is not mature enough.They demonstrate stable scoring abilities,strong defense against losing points,but limited ability to score big points.The hammer offense and defense are weak,while the first offense and defense are excellent;the success rate of the first throw directly determines the degree of control over the game.The research proposes that it is necessary to accurately collect competitive information to scientifically control the preparation and participation in the competition,to set appropriate participation goals to correctly guide the preparation and participation behavior,to scientifically design pre-competition training to achieve the optimization and integration of competitive ability,to analyze onthe-spot data in real time to achieve scientific decision-making of on-the-spot guidance,and to effectively stimulate team motivation to achieve the coordination and optimization of the interaction process,so as to help the Chinese women curling team to better demonstrate training results and achieve ideal competitive performance.