翼型厚度及风速对垂直轴风力机气动性能影响研究

Research on Effect of Airfoil Thickness and Wind Speed on the Aerodynamic Performance of Vertical Axis Wind Turbines

为研究翼型厚度及风速对垂直轴风力机气动性能的影响,选择NACA2412、NACA2415、NACA2418三种不同厚度翼型的垂直轴风力机在不同风速条件下,基于滑移网格法和剪切应力输运(SST)k-ω湍流模型对其进行性能仿真研究。通过对比功率系数C_(P)、力矩系数C_(M)及平均功率P,分析了翼型厚度及风速对垂直轴风力机气动性能的影响。结果表明:在低叶尖速比时,增大翼型厚度不仅提高了风力机的功率系数及力矩系数,还增大了风力机高效运行的叶尖速比范围,提高风力机最大功率系数的同时降低了最佳转速。而风速对风力机的输出功率有着较大影响。研究结果可为风力机的结构设计与优化提供参考。

In order to investigate the effects of airfoil thickness and wind speed on the aerodynamic performance of vertical axis wind turbines(VAWTs),three VAWTs including NACA2412,NACA2415 and NACA2418 blades with different thickness airfoils were selected to simulate the aerodynamic performance of VAWT at different wind speeds based on the sliding mesh method and the shear stress transport(SST)k-ωturbulence model.The effect of airfoil thickness on the aerodynamic performance of VAWT at different wind speeds was analyzed by comparing the power coefficient C_(P),moment coefficient C_(M) and average power P.The results show that the power and torque coefficients of the turbines increase significantly when the airfoil thickness increase at low tip speed ratios,meanwhile,the range of tip speed ratio for efficient operation increases also.In addition,the peak efficiency factor of the turbine increases and the tip speed ratios corresponding to the peak efficiency factor reduces as the airfoil thickness increases.Wind speed has a significant impact on the output power of VAWTs.The results of the study can provide a reference for the structural design and optimization of VAWTs.