多因素作用的电梯水平振动分析

Analysis of Elevator Horizontal Vibration Under Multiple Factors

随着电梯在高层和超高层建筑中的广泛应用,导轨对电梯运行安全性和舒适性的影响愈发显著,而电梯井道内温度变化、建筑物倾斜和导轨安装误差等因素都会对导轨产生影响。因此,提出一种多因素作用的电梯水平振动分析方法,旨在研究温度变化、建筑物倾斜和导轨安装误差等因素对轿厢水平振动的影响。首先,基于电梯系统的物理模型,采用拉格朗日方程建立电梯系统动力学模型。其次,分析温度变化、建筑物倾斜和导轨安装误差等因素对导轨的影响,建立相应的数学表达式。最后,利用仿真和实验对所提出的多因素作用的电梯水平振动分析方法的有效性进行验证。仿真结果表明,考虑温度变化、建筑物倾斜和导轨安装误差的耦合作用时,轿厢沿水平方向振动加速度的最大峰峰值会超出《电梯技术条件GB/T 10058-2009》规定的0.20m/s^(2),有着不可忽视的安全风险。实验结果表明:实验所测得的数据与仿真结果振动加速度的均值分别为−0.0027m/s^(2)和−0.0035m/s^(2),验证了所提出的多因素作用的电梯水平振动分析方法的有效性,该分析方法可为电梯设计制造企业与电梯公共安全领域对电梯水平振动影响分析提供一种新的有益探索分析途径。

With the wide application of elevator in high-rise and super high-rise buildings,the influence of guide rail on the safety and comfort of elevator operation is more and more significant,and the temperature change in the elevator shaft,the inclination of the building and the installation error of guide rail will have an impact on the guide rail.Therefore,a multi-excitation method for elevator horizontal vibration analysis is proposed to study the effects of temperature change,building inclination and rail installation errors on the horizontal vibration of the car.Firstly,based on the physical model of the elevator system,the dynamics model of the elevator system is established by Lagrange equation.Secondly,the influence of temperature change,building inclination and guideway installation error on the guideway is analyzed,and the corresponding mathematical expression is established.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed multi-excitation analysis method for elevator horizontal vibration is verified by simulation and experiment.The simulation results show that when the coupling effects of temperature change,building tilt and guide rail installation error are considered,the maximum peak value of the horizontal vibration acceleration of the car will exceed the 0.20m/s^(2) specified in“Elevator Technical Conditions GB/T 10058-2009”,which has a safety risk that cannot be ignored.The experimental results show that:The mean values of the vibration acceleration measured in the experiment and the simulation results are−0.0035m/s^(2) and−0.0027m/s^(2) respectively,which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed multi-excitation method for elevator horizontal vibration analysis.This analysis method can provide a new and beneficial way to explore the influence analysis of elevator horizontal vibration in elevator design and manufacturing enterprises and elevator public safety field.