GZMB联合PD1在乳腺癌患者不同分期中的表达及与血常规的关系研究

Expression of GZMB Combined with PD1 in Different Stages of Breast Cancer Patients and its Relationship with Blood Routine

目的探讨颗粒酶B(GZMB)联合程序性死亡分子1(PD1)在乳腺癌患者不同分期中的表达及与血常规的关系。方法选择2021年6月—2023年6月乳腺癌患者66例为观察组,根据肿瘤分期分为T1N0M0组、T2N0M0组、T2N1M0组、T3N0M0组及T3N1M0组;选择同期治疗的乳腺良性肿物患者9例为对照组。采用流式细胞仪测定各组GZMB及PD1水平,采用血细胞分析仪测定白细胞计数(WBC)、淋巴细胞(L)及淋巴细胞百分比(L%),对乳腺癌病例GZMB、PD1与血常规水平进行相关性分析,并完成GZMB联合PD1诊断效能分析。结果观察组GZMB及PD1水平高于对照组(P<0.05);WBC、L及L%水平低于对照组(P<0.05);T3N1M0组GZMB及PD1水平高于其余四组(P<0.05);WBC、L及L%水平低于其余四组(P<0.05);患者肿瘤分期越高,GZMB、PD1水平越高,WBC、L及L%水平越低;相关性结果表明,乳腺癌患者GZMB及PD1水平与WBC、L及L%呈负相关性(P<0.05);ROC曲线结果表明,GZMB联合PD1在乳腺癌患者诊断效能高于单一GZMB和PD1指标(P<0.05)。结论GZMB在乳腺癌患者中呈高表达,PD1呈低表达,且不同分期下表达水平存在差异,与血常规水平存在相关性;GZMB联合PD1用于乳腺癌患者中可获得较高的诊断效能。

Objective To investigate the expression of Granzyme B(GZMB)and programmed death molecule 1(PD1)in different stages of breast cancer patients.Methods 66 breast cancer patients from June 2021 to June 2023 were selected as an observation group,and divided into T1N0M0 group,T2N0M0 group,T2N1M0 group,T3N0M0 group and T3N1M0 group according to the tumor stage.9 patients with benign breast mass treated at the same period were selected as the control group.GZMB and PD1 levels in each group were determined by flow cytometry and white blood cell count(WBC),lymphocytes(L)and lymphocyte percentage(L%)were determined by analyzer,the correlation between GZMB and PD1 and blood routine levels in breast cancer cases was analyzed,and the diagnostic efficacy of GZMB combined with PD1 was analyzed.Results GZMB and PD1 levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The levels of WBC,L and L%were lower than the control group(P<0.05).GZMB and PD1 levels in the T3N1M0 group were higher than those in the other four groups(P<0.05).WBC,L and L%levels were lower than those in the remaining four groups(P<0.05).With higher tumor stage,the higher the levels of GZMB,PD1,the lower WBC,L and L%levels.The correlation results showed that GZMB and PD1 levels were negatively associated with WBC,L and L%(P<0.05).The results of the ROC curve indicated that the combination of GZMB and PD1 was more effective than GZMB and PD1 alone in the diagnosis in breast cancer patients(P<0.05).Conclusion GZMB shows high expression in breast cancer patients,PD1 has low expression,and different expression level at different stages,which is correlated with blood routine level.GZMB combined with PD-1 can achieve high diagnosis efficacy in breast cancer patients.