长链非编码RNA在卵巢功能障碍疾病中的研究进展

Research progress on long non-coding RNAs in ovarian dysfunction diseases

长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是一类长度超过200个核苷酸的不编码蛋白质的RNA,其表达具有组织特异性,在卵巢中参与卵泡发育、生殖激素的合成、卵巢肿瘤的发生发展等生物学过程。lncRNA在细胞质中调控mRNA转录、翻译、海绵吸附miRNA等,多在转录后水平反式调控基因表达。卵巢分泌的类固醇激素在早发性卵巢功能不全、多囊卵巢综合征及卵巢储备功能下降等方面发生生物学改变。卵巢颗粒细胞与卵母细胞相互作用,在调节卵巢功能上发挥重要作用。越来越多的证据表明,lncRNA有望成为卵巢功能障碍相关疾病的诊断和预后的候选生物标志物及治疗靶点。在基因表达调控模式的研究中,结合多种RNA信息进行竞争性内源RNA(ceRNA)联合分析,探究潜在的调控网络模式已成为必要。

Long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)is a class of RNA that does not code for proteins with a length of more than 200 nucleotides,whose expression is tissue-specific,lncRNAs participate in a variety of biological processes such as follicular development,synthesis of reproductive hormones,and the development of ovarian tumors in the ovary.lncRNAs in the cytoplasm regulate mRNA transcription,translation and sponge adsorbed miRNAs as ceRNA,which regulate gene expression mostly in the post-transcriptional level of trans-regulation.Steroid hormones secreted by the ovary are biologically altered in premature ovarian insufficiency,polycystic ovary syndrome and diminished ovarian reserve,among other biological alterations.Ovarian granulosa cells interact with oocytes and play an important role in regulating ovarian function.Increasing evidence suggests that lncRNAs are expected to be candidate biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian dysfunction-related diseases.In the study of gene expression regulation patterns,it has become essential to combine multiple RNA information for joint analysis of ceRNAs to explore potential regulatory network patterns.