3D打印微波天线技术发展现状与未来展望

Development and prospects of 3D printed microwave antennas

为了适应5G时代通信系统向毫米波和更高频率的转变,天线的设计趋于小型化和复杂化。3D打印即增材制造技术,突破了传统工艺在天线加工方面的局限,通过逐层顺序堆叠实现复杂结构加工,实现了轻量化、一体化、低成本和高可靠性的复杂天线零件的加工。该综述首先简要介绍3D打印技术的基本分类及原理,通过研究不同3D打印工艺在天线制造中的实现情况,分析了天线在设计、仿真和制造方面的方法和策略。接着介绍了空间中的3D打印的发展现状,并从打印材料和精度以及天线结构设计的角度讨论了3D打印微波器件的未来展望。

In order to adapt to the 5G era communication system to millimeter wave and higher frequency transformation,the antenna design shifts towards miniaturization and complexity.3D printing,i.e.additive manufacturing technology,breaks through the limitations of traditional processes in antenna processing.It realizes complex structural processing through layer-by-layer sequential stacking,and achieves the processing of complex antenna parts that are lightweight,integrated,low-cost and highly reliable.The review begins with a brief introduction to the basic classification and principles of 3D printing technology.By studying the implementation of different 3D printing processes in antenna fabrication,the methods and strategies of antennas in design,simulation and manufacturing are analyzed.The current development of 3D printing in aerospace is then presented,and the future outlook of 3D printed microwave devices is discussed in terms of printing materials and precision as well as antenna structure design.