灌溉起垄对烤烟上部叶片生长发育及品质的影响

Effects of Irrigation Ridging on Growth,Development and Quality of Upper Leaves of Flue-Cured Tobacco

本研究旨在探讨提高山东烟区烤烟上部叶可用性的水分管理策略及其生理响应机制。通过田间试验,以‘中烟100’为试验材料,分析了灌溉配合起垄处理对烤烟上部叶物质积累、光合特性、氮磷钾含量以及积累量、叶片组织结构和烟叶化学成分的影响。结果表明,与对照处理相比,全生育期内的灌溉处理显著增加了根、茎、叶的干物质积累量和烘烤后叶片的厚度,同时提高了光合作用特性;促进了氮含量由根、茎向叶片的转运,并增加了生长后期叶片的氮含量和氮素积累量;降低了还原糖、总糖含量,烟碱和总氮含量也有显著提高,糖碱比和氮碱比的值均在适宜范围。综上,灌溉起垄能够有效促进烤烟上部叶的生长发育以及提升其品质,为提升山东烟区烤烟上部叶的可用性提供了参考。

To explore the water management methods to enhance the usability of upper tobacco leaves in Shandong tobacco-growing areas and investigate their response patterns,field experiments were conducted by using‘Zhongyan 100’as the experimental material.The effects of furrow irrigation after watering on the accumulation of material,photosynthetic characteristics,nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium content and accumulation,leaf tissue structure,and chemical composition of upper tobacco leaves were studied.The results indicated that,compared to conventional treatment,furrow irrigation significantly increased the dry matter accumulation of roots,stems,and leaves,as well as the leaf thickness and photosynthetic characteristics of post-cured tobacco throughout its growth period.It also promoted the transport of nitrogen from roots and stems to leaves,enhancing nitrogen content and accumulation in late-stage leaves.It reduced reducing sugar and total sugar content,while significantly increased nicotine,total nitrogen content,and maintained appropriate values for sugar-to-nicotine and nitrogen-to-nicotine ratios.In summary,furrow irrigation effectively promotes the growth and development of upper tobacco leaves and enhances their quality.This provides a reference for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves in Shandong tobacco-growing areas.