基于生态保护重要性评价的生态保护红线评估调整——以河南省为例

Assessment and Adjustment of Ecological Protection Redlines Based on the Assessment of the Importance of Ecological Protection:Taking Henan Province as an Example

生态保护红线是践行生态文明建设、推进社会经济发展、促进乡村生态振兴的重要举措.利用InVEST模型对河南省生态保护重要性进行评价,在此基础上分析评估河南省原生态保护红线存在的问题,构建生态保护红线调整机制,并系统分析调整后的生态保护红线.研究发现,调整后的生态保护红线总体格局为“三屏一带”,生态功能类型以水土保持、水源涵养和生物多样性维护为主.调整后生态保护红线图斑破碎度大幅降低,完整性、连通性显著提高,系统保护了对区域生态安全意义重大的山水林田湖草,维护了生态系统服务功能和生物多样性,能有效促进经济社会可持续发展,保障人居环境安全和乡村生态振兴的实施.

The ecological protection redline is a crucial measure for advancing ecological civilization,promoting social and economic development,and revitalizing rural ecology.This paper employs the InVEST model to evaluate the significance of ecological protection in Henan Province.Based on this evaluation,it analyzes existing issues with the original ecological protection redline,constructs an adjustment mechanism,and systematically analyzes the adjusted redline.Results indicate that the overall pattern of the adjusted ecological protection redline is“three screens and one belt,”with environmental functions primarily focusing on soil and water conservation and biodiversity maintenance.Following the adjustment,fragmentation of the ecological protection redline patches is greatly reduced,and integrity and connectivity are significantly improved.The mountains,rivers,forests,fields,lakes,and grasslands vital to regional ecological security are systematically protected,ensuring ecosystem services and biodiversity maintenance.This can effectively promote sustainable economic and social development,enhance human settlement safety,and facilitate rural ecological revitalization.