北宋时期气候变化与异常气象对社会的影响

The impact of climate change and abnormal meteorology on society during Northern Song Dynasty

北宋时期,错综复杂的气候变化与变幻莫测的异常气象在社会发展过程中具有牵一发而动全身的重要作用。在政治军事方面,皇帝的言谈举止、朝廷的救灾措施乃至战争及军队优恤政策均会受到气候气象条件的掣肘;在经济方面,由气候恶化与异常气象所带来的粮食安全问题是动摇社会稳定性的重要因素,12世纪初期日趋转寒的气候条件进一步助推了经济重心的南移;在文化方面,气候气象条件深刻影响着官方性仪典及文娱活动的举办,同时也为北宋时期的文学创作提供了灵感来源。

During Northern Song Dynasty,the complex climate change and unpredictable abnormal weather played an important role in the overall development of society.In terms of politics and military affairs,the emperor’s words and actions,the court’s disaster relief measures,and even the war and military preferential compensation policies were all constrained by climate and meteorological conditions.As for economy,food security issues caused by climate degradation and abnormal weather were important factors that shook social stability.The increasingly cold climate conditions in the early 12th century further promoted the southward shift of the economic center of gravity.In terms of culture,climate and meteorological conditions had a profound impact on the organization of official ceremonies and cultural activities,and also provided inspiration for literary creation during Northern Song Dynasty.