1800 MHz电磁辐射对豚鼠空间记忆及听觉系统影响的初步研究

Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation at 1800 MHz on Spatial Memory and Auditory System in Guinea Pigs

目的研究1800 MHz急性电磁辐射(electromagnetic radiation,EMR)对豚鼠听阈、记忆、海马及听皮层超微结构的影响。方法32只豚鼠随机分为假辐射组(Sham)8只、2 w/kg组(E2A)8只、4 w/kg组(E4A)8只、10 w/kg组(E10A)8只。Sham组、E2A组、E4A组、E10A组分别暴露于比吸收率(specific absorption rate,SAR)为0、2、4、10 w/kg的辐射源中连续48 h。比较辐射前后听性脑干反应(auditory brainstem response,ABR)检测阈值变化;辐射后Morris水迷宫观察空间记忆能力;活性氧簇(reactive oxygen species,ROS)含量变化;海马、听觉皮层组织超微结构改变。结果辐射后,Sham组、E2A组、E4A组、E10A组ABR阈值与本组辐射前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);E4A组、E10A组中央活动路程缩短;辐射组氧化应激水平升高;辐射组神经元损伤及线粒体结构破坏,E10A组最明显。结论1800 MHz急性电磁辐射不影响豚鼠听阈,随着辐射强度的增强,超微结构损伤和氧化应激水平逐渐加重,可能影响空间记忆能力。

Objective To report effects of 1800 MHz mobile phone electromagnetic radiation(EMR)on auditory thresholds,memory,and ultrastructures of the hippocampus and auditory cortex in guinea pigs.Methods Thirty-two adult guinea pigs were randomly divided into 4 groups to be exposed to 1800 MHz EMR at different specific absorption rates(SAR),i.e.0,2,4 and 10 W/kg,for 48 h.Auditory brainstem responses(ABR),Morris water maze,ELISA and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)were used to evaluate changes in hearing,spatial orientation ability,reactive oxygen species(ROS)content and ultrastructure of the hippocampus and auditory cortex,respectively.Results There was no significant change in ABR thresholds before and after exposure(P>0.05).The water maze central activity distance was shortened in the 4 W/kg and 10 W/kg groups.The level of oxidative stress in exposure groups was elevated,with neuronal and mitochondrial damages observed under the TEM,especially in the 10w/kg group.Conclusions Acute exposure to 1800 MHz EMR may not affect hearing thresholds in guinea pigs,but ultrastructural damages can gradually aggravate with increased oxidative stress as radiation intensity increases,which may do harm to spatial memory abilities.