雇主组织参与三方机制的中国法治路径

Legal Pathways for Employers’Organizations to Participate in Tripartite Mechanisms in China

雇主组织通过三方机制在国家劳动立法和相关政策制定、协调劳动关系中表达企业诉求、维护企业利益。我国的雇主组织以二元化/多元化为特征,各种团体的法律地位差异较大,参与三方机制的途径和发挥的作用迥然不同。因此,我国雇主组织参与三方机制的法治保障应当以功能性为导向,根据雇主组织的不同属性以及作用领域,有重点、有区别地推进。雇主组织对劳动立法的参与,要通过法律明确雇主组织的参与权利、增强雇主组织的代表性、完善相关的程序保障,并积极拓宽雇主组织的参与渠道;雇主组织在三方协调机制中的参与,需以法律明确三方机制中的二元化雇主组织、提升三方机制的法律地位、完善决策程序和协调内容,确保雇主组织作用的有效发挥。

Employers’organizations articulate business demands and protect business interests by participating in tripartite mechanisms that play a crucial role in national labor legislation,related policy development,and the coordination of labor relations.In China,these organizations are characterized by a dualistic/multipartite structure,with significant disparities in the legal status of different groups.This results in marked differences in their modes of participation and roles within tripartite mechanisms.Consequently,the legal framework for the participation of employers’organizations in tripartite mechanisms should be functionally oriented,with targeted and differentiated approaches based on the specific characteristics and areas of operation of these organizations.For the participation of employers’organizations in labor legislation,legislation should clearly delineate the participation rights of employers’organizations,enhance their representativeness,refine procedural safeguards,and actively expand their opportunities for participation.Regarding their participation in tripartite coordination mechanisms,it is essential to legally recognize the dualistic nature of employers’organizations in tripartite mechanisms,enhance the legal status of tripartite mechanisms,and optimize decision-making processes and coordination frameworks to ensure the effective functioning of employers’organizations.