基于模型预测框架的燃料电池汽车混合动力系统能量管理

Energy Management Method for Hybrid Power System of Fuel Cell Vehicle Based on Model Prediction Framework

混合动力系统作为燃料电池汽车的关键组成部分,系统的能耗与寿命优化是推动其进一步商业化发展的关键,而能量管理策略(EMS)在提高燃料电池汽车混合动力系统的效率和燃料经济性方面发挥着重要作用。为有效降低混合动力系统的内部损耗,进一步提高系统经济性,提出了一种基于模型预测框架的混合动力系统能耗优化能量管理控制方法。首先构建包含动力系统内部损耗与氢气消耗的目标函数,然后利用模型预测架构求解目标函数来控制燃料电池的输出电流,以实现合理的能量分配,最后在Matlab中进行仿真,验证所制定方法的合理性和有效性。与应用较为广泛的等效氢耗最小策略(ECMS)相比,结果表明所提方法可以显著降低动力系统的内部损耗和氢气消耗。此外,该策略还可以有效保持蓄电池的荷电状态(SOC),延长动力系统的使用寿命。

As a key component of fuel cell vehicles,the optimization of energy consumption and lifespan is crucial for the further commercial development of hybrid power system.Energy management strategy(EMS)plays an important role in improving the system performance and fuel economy of hybrid power system in fuel cell vehicles.To effectively reduce the internal loss of hybrid power system and further improve system economy,an optimized energy management control method for internal loss of hybrid power system was proposed based on a model prediction framework.An objective function that included the internal loss of power system and hydrogen consumption was first constructed.A model prediction architecture was then used to solve the objective function to control the output current of fuel cell so as to achieve reasonable energy distribution.Finally,the simulation was conducted in Matlab to verify the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed method.Compared with the widely-used equivalent hydrogen consumption minimization strategy(ECMS),the proposed method can significantly reduce the internal loss and hydrogen consumption of power system according to the results.In addition,this strategy can effectively maintain the state of charge(SOC)of battery and extend the service life of power system.