工作记忆的机制与建模方法

Working Memory:Mechanisms and Modeling Approaches

工作记忆是人类认知功能的重要组成部分,涉及在短时间内对信息的存储和加工。延迟响应实验是研究工作记忆的基本实验范式之一,通过在刺激信息与行为决策之间设置一段延迟期,人们可以探究工作记忆系统在延迟期间维持和操纵信息的神经机制。本文概述了延迟响应实验范式,介绍了作为工作记忆关键机制的吸引子动力学。文章系统介绍了两种常用的工作记忆网络分析方法:运动轨迹追踪法和势能景观与环流理论。最后,我们总结了两种动力学方法的特点,并对今后的工作记忆研究方向进行了展望。

Working memory,a cornerstone of human cognition,allows us to temporarily hold and manipulate information.The delayed response experiment is a fundamental tool for understanding working memory.By inserting a delay between the presentation of stimuli and the behavioral decision,researchers can probe the neural mechanisms underlying information maintenance and manipulation during this delay period.This review delves into the delayed response paradigm and introduces attractor dynamics as a potential mechanism for working memory function.We then systematically explore two common methods for analyzing working memory networks:trajectory tracking,and energy landscape and flux theory.Finally,we summarize the key features of these two dynamical approaches and provide an outlook for future directions of working memory research.