基于特征价格模型的大城市绿色基础设施外部性影响与布局优化路径

Impact Mechanisms and Optimization Pathways of Green Infrastructure in Large Cities Based on the Hedonic Pricing Model

公益主导的要素特征和指标导向的规划模式,往往导致绿色基础设施的经济价值被低估和生态服务低效等问题。以福建省厦门市为例,应用特征价格法,研究大城市绿色基础设施的影响范围、交互机制并评估其服务效益。研究发现:1)林地、水体、公园绿地等不同类型绿色基础设施的有效服务范围依次递减。2)多种类型绿色基础设施的交互可产生正向增益作用,但随着叠加类型的增多,增益幅度减弱。3)厦门市中心区绿色基础设施的服务已趋向全覆盖,但局部多类型多要素的服务叠加带来一定程度的土地价值流失;近远郊生态服务的均等化则需进一步加强。基于此,提出构建山海城湾生态格局,挖掘自然要素服务功能,优化公园绿地空间布局等建议,研究旨在为大城市绿色基础设施高质量发展和高效益服务提供参考。

The characteristic features of public welfare and indicator-oriented planning models often lead to the undervaluation of the economic value of green infrastructure and inefficient ecological services.Using Xiamen City in Fujian Province as a case study,this paper applies the hedonic pricing method to investigate the impact scope and interaction mechanisms of green infrastructure in large cities and assess its service benefits.The study finds:1)The effective service range of different types of green infrastructure,such as forests,water bodies,and park green spaces,decreases sequentially.2)Interactions among multiple types of green infrastructure can generate positive gains,but the magnitude of these gains diminishes with an increasing number of overlapping types.3)The green infrastructure services in the central area of Xiamen City have tended toward full coverage,but the overlapping services of multiple types and elements in certain areas have resulted in some loss of land value;equalization of ecological services in the near and far suburbs needs further enhancement.Based on these findings,the study proposes suggestions to construct an ecological pattern of mountains,seas,cities,and bays,explore the service functions of natural elements,and optimize the spatial layout of park green spaces,to provide references for the efficient and sustainable development of green infrastructure in large cities.