冷喷涂铜基复合涂层及后处理技术的研究现状

Research Status of Cold Sprayed Cu-based Composite Coatings and Post-Process Treatments

冷喷涂技术的固态低温特性使其成为制备铜基复合涂层的重要手段之一,通过研究沉积机理、优化制备过程参数,调控后处理技术,可以改善铜基复合涂层的综合性能,从而扩大铜基复合涂层在功能性涂层、增材制造及增材再制造等领域的应用范围。文中从铜基金属复合涂层与铜基陶瓷复合涂层两方面综述了冷喷涂铜基复合涂层形成的机理,归纳了冷喷涂铜基金属复合涂层的四大结合机理和铜基陶瓷复合涂层的三个结合假设;分析冷喷涂过程参数对复合涂层微观结构及综合性能的影响,重点探讨了喷嘴结构与材质、载气类型与温度、喷涂颗粒结构与粒径、基体硬度与粗糙度等对复合涂层综合性能的影响;总结了多种后处理技术对复合涂层微观结构及综合性能的影响,以期为冷喷涂铜基复合涂层的研究与应用提供借鉴。

The low processing temperature feature makes cold spray an effective approach to deposit Cu-based composite coatings with high quality.The process parameters of cold spray can control the microstructure of the composite coatings,and then control the overall performance of the composite coatings,so that Cu-based composite coatings can be widely used in functional coatings,high efficiency additive manufacturing and additive remanufacturing.In this review,the existing literature is summarized from three aspects:basic theory,process parameters and post-process treatments for tailoring the microstructure and mechanical properties of cold sprayed Cu-based composite coatings,bonding mechanism and hypothesis of cold sprayed Cu-based composite coatings is summarized,effect of construction and material of nozzle,propellant gas condition,initial feedstock powders,substrate surface state and process parameters of post-processing technology on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cold sprayed Cu-based composite coatings is discussed,which expected to provide references for the research and application of cold sprayed Cu-based composite coatings.