阳光玫瑰葡萄冬果品质及糖代谢响应光质机理

Response mechanism of Shine Muscat grape winter berries quality and sugar metabolism to light quality

【目的】探索光质条件改变对阳光玫瑰葡萄冬果品质及糖类物质代谢变化的影响,为提高葡萄冬季果实品质提供参考依据。【方法】在冬果发育阶段对阳光玫瑰葡萄植株进行LED灯照射补光处理,分别为红光、蓝光和白光,以不补光处理为对照;分别在硬果期(E-L33)、果实膨大期(E-L35)、果实未完全成熟期(E-L37)和果实完全成熟期(E-L38)各采样1次,对果实样品的纵径、单粒重,可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖含量,蔗糖合成酶(SS)、蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)和中性转化酶(NI)活性及其基因相对表达量进行测定。【结果】白光对果粒纵径的伸长影响较大,在E-L38时期较对照显著提高4.94%(P<0.05,下同)。红光处理促进果实可溶性固形物含量增加,在E-L38时期较对照显著提高11.26%。蓝光处理对果实可滴定酸含量的降低有促进作用,在E-L37时期较对照显著降低15.54%。在E-L37和E-L38时期红光处理促进果实果糖含量增加,分别较对照显著提高11.14%和22.93%。红光处理对果实葡萄糖含量积累有促进作用,在E-L38时期较对照显著提高17.51%。在E-L35和E-L37时期,红光处理的SS活性分别较对照显著提高18.50%和13.39%。在E-L38时期,红光、蓝光和白光处理均对果实SS和SPS活性有促进作用,红光处理的NI活性较对照显著降低17.71%。红光处理使VvSS和VvNI基因相对表达量在E-L35和E-L38时期分别较对照降低10.54%、20.90%和11.57%、28.50%。果实成熟期,蓝光处理的VvSPS基因相对表达量较对照显著降低22.74%。【结论】红光显著促进阳光玫瑰葡萄冬果的可溶性固形物、果糖和葡萄糖含量的积累,蓝光有助于可滴定酸含量的降低。红光、蓝光和白光在果实成熟期对SS和SPS活性均有促进作用。可根据阳光玫瑰葡萄冬果对光照环境及果实品质的需求选择合适的人工光源进行补光。

【Objective】Exploring the effects of changes in light quality conditions on the quality and sugar metabolism of winter berries in Shine Muscat grapes,providing reference for improving the quality of grape winter berries.【Method】During the winter berry development stage,Shine Muscat grape plants were treated with LED lights to supplement light,including red light,blue light,and white light.The control group received no supplementary light treatment.Samples were taken once each during the hard berry stage(E-L33),berry swelling stage(E-L35),berry immature stage(EL37),and berry fully mature stage(E-L38).The longitudinal diameter,single berry weight,total soluble solids content,titratable acid content,fructose content,glucose content,sucrose content,sucrose synthase(SS)activity,sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS)activity,neutral invertase(NI)activity,and relative gene expression levels of berry samples were measured.【Result】White light treatment had great effect on the elongation of berry longitudinal diameter,which was 4.94%significantly higher than the control(P<0.05,the same below).Red light treatment promoted an increase in soluble solids content in berries,with a significant increase of 11.26%compared to the control during the E-L38 period.Blue light treatment had promoting effect on the reduction of titratable acid content in berries,with a significant decrease of 15.54%compared to the control during the E-L37 period.During the E-L37 and E-L38 periods,red light treatment promoted an increase in fruit fructose content,with significant increases of 11.14%and 22.93%compared to the control respectively.Red light treatment had promoting effect on glucose accumulation berries,with a significant increase of 17.51%compared to the control during the E-L38 period.During the E-L35 and E-L37 periods,the SS activity treated with red light significantly increased by 18.50%and 13.39%compared to the control respectively.During the E-L38 period,red light,blue light,and white light treatments all had promoting effect on SS and SPS activities in berries,and the NI activity of red light treatment was significantly reduced by 17.71%compared to the control.Red light treatment reduced the relative expression levels of VvSS and VvNI genes by 10.54%,20.90%,11.57%and 28.50%respectively compared to the control during the E-L35 and E-L38 periods.During the berry fully mature stage,the relative expression level of VvSPS gene treated with blue light decreased by 22.74%compared to that of the control.【Conclusion】Red light significantly promotes the accumulation of soluble solids,fructose,and glucose contents in the winter berries of Shine Muscat grape,blue light helps to reduce titratable acid content.Red light,blue light and white light all have promote effect on SS and SPS activities during berry ripening.Suitable artificial light sources for supplementary lighting can be chosen based on the requirements of sunlight environment and berry quality for Shine Muscat grape winter berries.