蚯蚓粪对草炭型育苗基质及黄瓜幼苗的影响

Effects of vermicompost on peat-based seedling substrates and cucumber seedling

为探究蚯蚓粪在优化传统草炭型蔬菜育苗基质中的应用,分别添加0(CK)、10%、20%、30%、40%和50%的蚯蚓粪到传统草炭型育苗基质中,测定改良后的草炭型育苗基质性质、黄瓜幼苗形态及生理指标。结果表明,随着蚯蚓粪添加量的增加,育苗基质的容重、EC呈逐渐升高的趋势,而基质中细菌和真菌数量及中性磷酸酶(S-NP)、碱性磷酸酶(S-ALP)活性均呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。与CK相比,添加蚯蚓粪显著提高了黄瓜育苗基质的S-NP、S-ALP活性,且均以T4处理(添加40%蚯蚓粪)表现最好,比CK分别显著提高52.72%、43.16%。对于黄瓜幼苗而言,T4处理综合表现最好,地上部株高、茎粗、叶面积、生物量、地下部幼苗根系活力、根长度、根表面积等均显著高于CK。综上,添加蚯蚓粪能通过改善育苗基质性质,进而提高幼苗地上部及地下部形态指标,达到培育健壮黄瓜幼苗的目的,推荐采用的蚯蚓粪添加量为40%(质量分数)。

To explore the application of vermicompost in optimizing traditional peat-based vegetable seedling substrates,this experiment added 0(CK),10%,20%,30%,40%,and 50%vermicompost to traditional peat-based seedling substrates,measuring the properties of the improved substrates,and the morphological and physiological indices of cucumber seedling.The results showed that as the amount of vermicompost increased,the bulk density and EC of the seedling substrate gradually increased,while the number of bacteria,fungi,and the activities of neutral phosphatase(S-NP)and alkaline phosphatase(S-ALP)showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.When compared with CK,the addition of vermicompost significantly increased the S-NP and S-ALP activities in the cucumber seedling substrate,with the T4 treatment showing the best performance,increasing by 52.72%and 43.16%,respectively.For cucumber seedlings,T4 treatment(with 40%vermicompost added)showed the best performance,with significantly higher aboveground plant height,stem thickness,leaf area,biomass,underground seedling root system vitality,root lenght,and root surface area than CK.In summary,adding vermicompost can improve the properties of the seedling substrate,thereby enhancing the morphological indices of both the aboveground and underground parts of the seedling,and achieving the goal of cultivating robust cucumber seedling.The recommended vermicompost addition is 40%.