铁路货车轴向橡胶垫结构改进与技术优化研究

Research on the improvement of axial rubber pad structure and technical optimization of railway wagons

轴向橡胶垫是交叉支撑与侧架连接部件之一,为实现轴向橡胶垫寿命周期与修程修制匹配,同时进一步优化转向架检修工艺,减少检修工作量,提高检修效率。本文论述了交叉支撑转向架核心部件之轴向橡胶垫结构改进与技术优化方案、胶料性能、仿真分析、试制、试验等研究情况,产品性能在长寿命聚氨酯弹性垫和在役产品的基础上,增加耐臭氧老化性能、热老化性能要求,常规、强化疲劳试验次数分别达到400、100万次,较在役产品分别增加1倍、5.67倍。长寿命轴向橡胶垫弹性压缩变形量及回弹能力较在役产品提升2倍以上,刚度及表面状态较在役产品明显改善,使用寿命满足12年或180万km的使用要求。

The axial rubber pad is one of the connecting parts between the cross support and the side frame,which can match the life cycle of the axial rubber pad with the repair process,and further optimize the bogie maintenance process,reduce the maintenance workload and improve the maintenance efficiency.On the basis of long-life polyurethane elastic pads and in-service products,the product performance increases the requirements of ozone aging resistance and thermal aging performance,and the number of conventional and strengthened fatigue tests reaches 4 million and 1 million times respectively,which is 1 time and 5.67 times higher than that of in-service products.The elastic compression deformation and rebound capacity of the long-life axial rubber pad are more than 2 times higher than those of in-service products,and the stiffness and surface condition are significantly improved compared with in-service products,and the service life meets the requirements of 12 years or 1.8 million kilometers.