2022—2023年南京高淳区肺炎支原体流行特征分析

Analysis of the epidemic characteristics of Mycoplasma Pneumonia in Gaochun district,Nanjing from 2022 to 2023

目的了解南京市高淳区2022—2023年肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma Pneumoniae,MP)感染的变化趋势,以及肺炎支原体在各个年龄层,不同性别和季节的感染分布特征。方法选择2022—2023年本院接诊的疑似肺炎支原体感染的患者作为研究对象,用分离胶黄管采集患者静脉血2~3 ml,离心留血浆备用,检测血浆中MP-IgM抗体滴度,分析不同年份、性别、季节、年龄的MP-IgM阳性率。结果2022年患者MP-IgM阳性率为23.36%,2023年的阳性率为26.3%。2022年男性和女性MP-IgM阳性率分别为19.63%和27.88%,而2023年男性和女性MP-IgM阳性率分别为24.07%和28.39%。2022年春季,夏季,秋季,冬季MP-IgM阳性率分别为13.98%、13.18%、21%和30.5%,2023年春季、夏季、秋季、冬季MP-IgM阳性率分别为24.51%、27.37%、32.68%和23.55%。2022年年龄<3岁、3~14岁、14~55岁、>55岁的MP-IgM阳性率分别为18.4%、34.34%、6.7%、0.6%,2023年年龄<3岁、3~14岁、14~55岁、>55岁的MP-IgM阳性率分别为37.87%、39.83%、10.05%、2.71%。结论2023年肺炎支原体阳性率明显增加,以儿童感染为主,且感染率随季节而变化以秋天感染率最高,女性感染率也高于男性。

Objective To investigate the trend of Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)infection in Gaochun District,Nanjing,from 2022 to 2023,and to analyze the distribution characteristics of MP infection across different age groups,genders,and seasons.Methods Patients with suspected MP infection who were admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected as research subjects.Venous blood(2-3 ml)was collected using the separating gel yellow tube,centrifuged and retained for plasma for later use,the MP-IgM antibody titer in plasma was detected,and the positive rate of MP-IgM in different years,genders,seasons and ages was analyzed.Results The positive rate of MP-IgM was 23.36%in 2022 and 26.3%in 2023.In 2022,the positive rates of MP-IgM in males and females were 19.63%and 27.88%,respectively;while in 2023,the positive rates of MP-IgM in males and females were 24.07%and 28.39%,respectively.The positive rates of MP-IgM in the spring,summer,autumn,and winter of 2022 were 13.98%,13.18%,21%,and 30.5%,respectively;and in the spring,summer,autumn,and winter of 2023,the positive rates of MP-IgM were 24.51%,27.37%,32.68%,and 23.55%,respectively.In 2022,the positive rates of MP-IgM in groups aged younger than 3 years,3~14 years,14~55 years,and over 55 years old were 18.4%,34.34%,6.7%,and 0.6%,respectively;in 2023 the positive rates of MP-IgM in groups aged younger than 3 years,3~14 years,14~55 years,and>55 years old were 37.87%,39.83%,10.05%,and 2.71%,respectively.Conclusions In 2023,the positive rate of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae increased significantly,mainly in children,and the infection rate varies with the season,autumn being the highest,and the infection rate in women is higher than that in men.