工业智能化与员工激励制度设计——来自员工持股计划的证据

Industry Intellectualization and Employee Incentive System Design:Evidence from Employee Stock Ownership Plan

随着工业机器人的广泛应用,中国劳动力市场正在经历一场深刻的变革。面对这一挑战,企业如何通过有效的员工激励策略应对这一变革并推动高质量发展,已成为决策者必须认真考虑的问题。基于员工股权激励视角的实证分析表明,随着工业机器人应用程度的深化,企业越来越倾向于采取员工持股计划,员工持股比例更高、锁定期更长且覆盖员工数更广。动机检验表明,工业机器人的引入增强了企业通过员工持股计划以积累高素质人力资本的意愿,并有助于缓解员工对企业潜在机会主义行为的担忧,进而促使员工进行专有性投资。进一步分析显示,在工业智能化的背景下,实施员工持股计划能够显著提升企业的创新能力。基于上述结论,企业应建立完善的绩效考核体系、重视员工的职业发展,通过制度设计有效地激励员工,从而促进创新、实现高质量发展。

With the widespread application of industrial robots,the Chinese labor market is undergoing a profound transformation.Faced with this challenge,how enterprises can respond to this change and promote high-quality development through effective employee incentive strategies has become a question that decision-makers must seriously consider.The empirical analyses from the perspective of employee equity incentives show that,with the deepening application of industrial robots,firms are inclined to implement employee stock ownership plan,which has a higher employee shareholding ratio,longer lock-in period and wider coverage of employees.The motivation test reveals that the introduction of industrial robots has enhanced the willingness of enterprises to accumulate high-quality human capital through employee stock ownership plans,and helps alleviate employees'concerns about potential opportunistic behaviors in the enterprise,thereby prompting employees to make proprietary investments.Further analysis reveals that in the context of industrial intelligence,to implement employee share ownership plans can significantly promote corporate innovative capabilities.This provides important insights for enterprises to effectively respond to the challenges brought by industrial intelligence through institutional design,thereby achieving high-quality development.