新质生产力赋能出口贸易高质量发展的机制与路径

The Mechanism and Path of New Quality Productivity to Enable High-Quality Development of Export Trade

新质生产力的发展必然推动经济的高质量发展,深入分析新质生产力赋能出口贸易高质量发展的机制与路径对于建设贸易强国和经济高质量发展具有重要意义。经济学意义上的创新与生产力的新质态紧密相关,科技创新创造新产品,新质生产力催生新产业。知识、技术的传播、扩散和转移即技术溢出是技术创新和新质生产力发展的重要源泉。技术创新可以产生直接的出口增长效应,新产品新产业的发展自然促进扩展边际出口增长。创新生态系统中的知识、技术的传播与扩散是增强出口产品竞争力的重要途径,新质生产力的发展直接提高出口竞争力,新质生产力通过扩大高级要素的范围、提高要素质量等级、优化要素结构提高技术吸收能力从而间接提高出口竞争力。新质生产力通过高质量有效供给创造新需求和本土市场效应,进而促进出口。新质生产力强化国内产品和产业层次的竞争,促进企业生产率的提高,从而使得企业跨越克服出口沉没成本的临界生产率,出口增加。加快出口品种型增长、促进出口贸易技术结构升级和推动贸易方式转型是新质生产力赋能出口贸易高质量发展的具体路径。

The development of new quality productivity is bound to promote the high-quality development of economy.It is of great significance to profoundly analyze the mechanism and path of new quality productivity to enable high-quality development of export trade for the construction of a trade power and high-quality economic development.Innovation in the sense of economics is closely related to the new quality state of productivity.Scientific and technological innovation creates new products,and new quality productivity gives birth to new industries.The spread,diffusion and transfer of knowledge and technology,namely technology spillover,is an important source of technological innovation and the development of new quality productivity.Technological innovation can produce direct export growth effect,and the development of new products and new industries will naturally promote the expanded marginal export growth.The spread and diffusion of knowledge and technology in the innovation ecosystem is an important way to enhance the competitiveness of export products;the development of the new quality productivity directly improve export competitiveness,while the new quality productivity can improve technology absorption ability and indirectly improve the competitiveness of export by expanding the scope of advanced elements,improving the quality of elements,and optimizing the structure of elements.The new quality productivity can create new demands and local market effect to promote exports through effective high quality supply.The new quality productivity can strengthen the competition of domestic products and industrial levels,promote the improvement of enterprise productivity,thus enabling enterprises to overcome the critical productivity of sunk export costs and increase exports.Accelerating the growth of export varieties,promoting the upgrading of export trade technology structure and promoting the transformation of trade mode are the specific paths for the new quality productivity to enable the high-quality development of export trade.