论《普宁》的生命政治叙事

On the Biopolitical Narrative of Nabokov's Pnin

纳博科夫的《普宁》叙述俄国流亡知识分子在美国的求生绝境和荒诞遭遇,再现跨文化语境下流散主体的文化商讨和自我塑形,以小人物和碎片化小叙事所蕴含的生命政治记录其社会心理轨迹和文化震撼。本文拟从当代权力话语理论,特别是身体研究视野汲取批评活力,从主人公之身体表征、遮体政治及健康书写入手,解析跨文化语境下权力与规训之间的复杂关系,认为:普宁居无定所的游牧性生活是在追寻某种冲出文化囚牢的“无器官身体”文化反抗,其遮体政治凸显了服饰所赋值的权力博弈,其以牙齿为典型意象的健康书写折射出身体美学的权力操纵,此三者杂糅在于消解异域文化的身体表征与主体存在性困境,揭示了生命政治与文化权力之密切关系,共同构成小说一道独特的叙事艺术和深刻思想意蕴。

Nabokov's Pnin narrates the survival predicament and absurd en-counters of a Russianémigre intellectual in America,reproducing the cultural negotia-tions and self-fashioning of a diasporic subject in the cross-cultural context.Through the biopolitical narratives embedded in the narratives of small characters and fragmented tales,the novel records their social psychological trajectory and cultural shock.Drawing critical vitality from the perspectives of body studies inherent in contemporary biopoliti-cal theory,this paper analyzes the interlocking relationship between power and discipline in a cross-cultural context,focusing on the protagonist's bodily representation,clothing politics,and health writing.It argues that Pnin's nomadic life pursues a cultural resistance akin to Deleuze and Guattari's concept of the"body without organs",that his clothing politics highlight the power dynamics embedded in attire,and that the dental imagery in health writing reflects the cultural power manipulation of the bodily aesthetics.Together,these three aspects deconstruct the physical representation and existential dilemma of foreign cultures,revealing the close relationship between biopolitics and cultural power,thus conceiving a unique narrative art and profound ideological connotation in the novel.