2019—2023年合肥市蜚蠊监测结果及德国小蠊抗药性分析

Surveillance result of cockroaches and insecticide resistance of Blattella germanica in Hefei from 2019 to 2023

目的了解2019—2023年合肥市蜚蠊种群构成、年度变化及抗药性,为开展蜚蠊防制提供科学依据。方法每年奇数月选择6种生境,采用粘捕法开展蜚蠊密度监测。采用描述性方法分析蜚蠊的种群构成,采用Friedman检验比较不同生境蜚蠊的年度变化规律;采用诊断剂量法判定蜚蠊的抗性种群。结果2019—2023年合肥市共回收有效粘蟑纸6597张,粘捕蜚蠊758只,优势种群为德国小蠊。不同年份蜚蠊种群构成存在统计学差异(χ^(2)=308.382,P<0.05)。蜚蠊平均密度为0.115只/张。2019—2023年蜚蠊密度分别为0.048、0.118、0.189、0.089、0.142只/张。在6种生境中,农贸市场蜚蠊密度最高,为0.261只/张,医院蜚蠊密度最低,为0.005只/张。蜚蠊密度大致呈双峰曲线,高峰期在3月和9月。不同生境蜚蠊密度年际消长差异有统计学意义(F=13.757,P<0.05),不同生境蜚蠊密度季节消长差异有统计学意义(F=30.721,P<0.05)。合肥市德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯表现为抗性,对吡虫啉、氟虫腈和残杀威表现为敏感。结论合肥市蜚蠊的粘捕率和密度均较低,建议根据合肥市蜚蠊密度季节消长及抗药性情况开展有针对性的防制。

Objective To investigate the population composition,annual change and insecticide resistance of cockroaches in Hefei City from 2019 to 2023,so as to provide scientific basis for cockroach control.Methods The cockroach density was monitored in 6 habitats in odd months of each year by sticky trapping method.Descriptive methods were used to analyze the population composition of cockroaches,and the Friedman test was used to compare the temporal variation of cockroaches in different habitats.The resistant population of cockroach was determined by diagnostic dose method.Results From 2019 to 2023,a total of 6597 effective sticky cockroach sheets were recovered and 758 cockroaches were captured.The dominant species was Blattella germanica.The population composition of cockroach in different years had statistical difference.The average density was 0.115 cockroaches per piece.The cockroach densities from 2019 to 2023 were 0.048,0.118,0.189,0.089 and 0.142 cockroaches per piece,respectively.Among the six habitats,the density of cockroaches in the farmers'market was the highest(0.261 cockroaches per piece),and the density of cockroaches in the hospital was the lowest(0.005 cockroaches per piece).The density of cockroaches showed a bimodal curve,with peak periods in March and September.There were statistical significance in the interannual fluctuation of cockroach density in different habitats(F=13.757,P<0.05),and statistical significance in seasonal fluctuation of cockroach density in different habitats(F=30.721,P<0.05).Blattella germanica in Hefei was resistant to cypermethrin and sensitive to imidacloprid,fipronil and propoxur.Conclusion The capture rate and density of cockroaches in Hefei City are low.It is suggested that targeted control should be carried out according to the seasonal fluctuation of cockroach density and insecticide resistance in Hefei City.