2023年北京市海淀区主要病媒生物侵害状况调查

Investigation on the infestation status of main vectors in Haidian District of Beijing in 2023

目的 了解并分析北京市海淀区不同环境主要病媒生物的侵害状况以及防鼠、防蝇设施配备情况,为北京市病媒生物防制工作提供科学依据。方法 采用路径法调查蚊虫孳生地,人诱停落法监测成蚊密度,勺捕法调查蚊幼虫密度;采用目测法调查蝇类孳生地、防蝇设施和室内成蝇密度;采用鼠迹法监测室内和外环境鼠密度并检查防鼠设施;采用目测法监测蜚蠊密度、活卵鞘密度和蟑迹。采用Excel软件对监测点数据进行汇总、统计和制作图表。结果 蚊、蝇、鼠、蜚蠊的总体控制情况达到了国家标准病媒生物控制水平B级。其中蚊虫孳生地和成蚊密度的控制水平为B级,蚊幼虫控制水平为A级;蝇类孳生地和防蝇设施达到了B级,成蝇密度控制水平A级;室内和外环境鼠密度的控制水平为A级,防鼠设施为B级;蜚蠊活虫密度、活卵鞘密度的控制水平为B级,蟑迹为A级。结论 北京市海淀区主要病媒生物控制水平达到了国家标准B级及以上标准。

Objective To investigate and analyze the infestation status of main vectors in different environments, as well as the construction of rodents and flies prevention facilities in Haidian District, so as to provide scientific basis for vector control in Beijing. Methods The mosquito breeding places were monitored by route method. Adult mosquito density was monitored using human-bait trapping. Mosquito larval density monitoring was carried out using scoop capturing method. Visual observation method was used to investigate fly breeding places, fly prevention facilities, and indoor fly density. Using the rodent trace to monitor indoor and outdoor rodent density and check rodent prevention facilities. Cockroach density, live egg scabbard density and cockroach trace were monitored by visual observation method. Monitoring data were summarized, statistically analyzed and created charts using Excel Software. Results The overall control level of mosquito, fly, rodent and cockroach reached the vector control B-level or above standard. The control level of mosquito breeding places and adult mosquito density reached B-level standard, and the control level of mosquito larvae reached A-level standard. The breeding places and fly prevention facilities reached B-level standard, and the control level of adult fly density reached A-level standard. The control level of indoor and outdoor environment rodent density both reach level A, and the rodent prevention facilities was level B. The density of live cockroaches and live egg scabbards met the B-level control standard and cockroach traces met the A-level standard. Conclusion The control levels of main vector species in Haidian District have reached the national standard B-level or above standard.