新型纳米二氧化钛光触媒消毒剂的多功能应用与安全性

Multifunctional application and safety of advance nano-titanium dioxide photocatalytic disinfectant

纳米二氧化钛因其优良的光电属性在光催化消毒杀菌领域有着良好的应用前景。然而,需要紫外光的条件极大地限制了其应用。近年来,科学家们设计了一系列各式各样的修饰,主要有贵金属/常规金属颗粒修饰、氮掺杂、碳-二氧化钛纳米材料复合、与其他半导体纳米材料形成异质结,极大地提高了纳米二氧化钛对可见光的利用率。本文对近年来新型纳米二氧化钛光触媒消毒剂的修饰种类、多功能应用和安全性等进行综述;强调修饰的新型纳米二氧化钛光触媒消毒剂具有多功能性,不仅具有优良的抗菌性,还有消除有机污染物、有毒重金属和杀虫的功能。然而,材料的回收利用困难和选择修饰元素不妥,可能带来生物安全性问题,是纳米光触媒安全应用需要考虑的问题。本综述可为纳米二氧化钛光触媒消毒剂的安全和高效应用提供参考。

Nano-titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))has huge application prospect in the field of photocatalytic disinfection sterilization due to their excellent photoelectric properties.However,the condition of ultraviolet light greatly limits its application.In recent years,scientists have designed various modifications to greatly improve the visible light utilization of nano-TiO_(2),mainly noble metal/conventional metal particle modification,nitrogen doping,carbon-titanium dioxide nanomaterials composite,and other semiconductor nanomaterials to form heterojunctions.In this review,the modification types,multifunctional applications and safety problems of new nano-TiO_(2)photocatalytic disinfectants in recent years are reviewed.This paper emphasizes that these modified new nano-TiO_(2)photocatalytic disinfectants are often multifunctional,which not only have excellent antibacterial properties,but also show the functions of organic pollutants degradation,toxic heavy metals removal and insecticide.However,the difficult recycling of photocatalysts and inappropriate selection of modification elements may bring biosafety issues,which should be considered in the safety application of nano-photocatalysts.This review can provide a reference for the safe and efficient application of nano-TiO_(2)photocatalytic disinfectants.