苏州工业园区 模范新城30年变迁

Suzhou Industrial Park Thirty Years of Transformation of a Chinese Model New Town

苏州工业园区的发展历程是中国在20世纪90年代转向积极的城市化道路以来新城新区建设的一个缩影。文章从城市设计历史与批判的角度追溯了工业园区城市规划与发展的若干方面,以管中窥豹的方式剖析几个普遍性问题:如何认识新自由主义时代的新城,它们在中国有何特殊性?90年代初的这一波新城运动是如何兴起的,像新加坡这样的外方有何影响?城市规划和城市设计在新城发展中起到什么作用,像“邻里单位”这样的西方概念如何落地?新城市主义理论框架下的场所营造和形象营造在工业园区的城市设计中如何体现?文章分析这些问题在城市发展和转变历程中的呈现和产生的利弊,力图为当前转向存量规划和城市更新时代后新城发展的方向提供启示。

The Suzhou Industrial Park(SIP)epitomizes the development of new towns and new areas following China's shift towards proactive urbanization in the 1990s after a decade of implementing reform and opening-up policies.This paper explores the SIP's urban planning and development from a historical and critical urban design perspective.It aims to dissect several ubiquitous issues by offering a glimpse of the larger picture:How do we define the characteristics of new towns in the neoliberal era and what specificities do Chinese cases possess?How did the new town movement starting in the early 1990s evolve,and what impacts did fo reign sta keholders like Singapore have?What roles have urban planning and design played in the development of new towns,and how have Western concepts like the "neighborhood unit" been implemented?Additionally,the paper examines how placemaking and image-making strategies under the new urbanism theoretical framework have been manifested in the urban design of the Industrial Park.This study can provide new insights into the current urban tra n sformation in China toward urban regeneration and the strategies to lead the existing new towns toward a sustainable development path.