责任制护理对肺结核患者病耻感、心理负担及康复进程的影响

Effects of responsibility system nursing on stigma, psychological burden and rehabilitation process of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

目的 探讨责任制护理对肺结核患者病耻感、心理负担及康复进程的影响。方法 选取本院2021年1月至2022年1月收治的63例肺结核患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为参照组(n=32)和研究组(n=31)。参照组接受常规护理干预,研究组在参照组基础上接受责任制护理干预。比较两组的病耻感、心理负担、应对方式、肺功能指标、生活质量及康复进程。结果 干预后,研究组的社会影响量表(SIS)、自我感受负担量表(SPBS)评分低于参照组(P<0.05)。干预后,研究组的面对评分高于参照组,回避、屈服评分低于参照组(P<0.05)。干预后,研究组的第1秒用力呼吸容积(FEV_(1))、第1秒用力呼吸容积占预计值的百分比(FEV1%)及每分钟最大通气量(MVV)高于参照组(P<0.05)。干预后,研究组的肺结核患者生存质量测定量表(QLICD-PT)评分高于参照组(P<0.05)。研究组的住院时间短于参照组,出院时痰菌转阴率高于参照组(P<0.05)。结论 责任制护理能改善肺结核患者的病耻感、应对方式及肺功能,减轻心理负担,提升生活质量,促进患者康复。

Objective To explore the effects of responsibility system nursing on stigma,psychological burden and rehabilitation process of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods A total of 63 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis admitted in our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected as the research objects,and the patients were divided into reference group(n=32)and study group(n=31)by random number table method.The reference group received routine nursing intervention,and the study group received responsibility system nursing intervention on the basis of the reference group.The stigma,psychological burden,coping style,lung function indexes,quality of life and rehabilitation process were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,the scores of Social Impact Scale(SIS)and Self-Perceived Burden Scale(SPBS)in the study group were lower than those in the reference group(P<0.05).After intervention,the face score of the study group was higher than that of the reference group,and the avoidance and yield scores were lower than those of the reference group(P<0.05).After intervention,the forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV_(1)),percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second to predicted value(FEV1%)and maximum ventilatory volume(MVV)in the study group were higher than those in the reference group(P<0.05).After intervention,the score of Quality of Life Instruments for Chronic Diseases-Pulmonary Tuberculosis(QLICD-PT)in the study group was higher than that in the reference group(P<0.05).The hospitalization time of the study group was shorter than that of the reference group,and the sputum negative conversion rate at discharge was higher than that of the reference group(P<0.05).Conclusion Responsibility system nursing can improve the stigma,coping style and lung function of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis,reduce the psychological burden,improve the quality of life and promote the rehabilitation of patients.