中美易货借款史研究的基本问题辨析

On Basic Issues of the Research on the History of Barter Loans between China and U.S.A

基于对学术史与史料的双重分析,本文以抗战时期中美易货借款的合同变化、实际执行与易货贸易全过程为视野,首先辨析了债务统计、合同要件、借款动用、债务清偿以及贸易规定等债务关系问题。其次,本文分析了偿债物资的统购统销、交通运输、贸易金融以及大国战略博弈等贸易相关问题,进而构建中美易货借款史研究的理论框架。通过分析史料运用与该专题研究路径变化的关联,本文还指出利用美国典藏相关档案文献是深入研究上述议题的关键转向和必要路径。

Based on both academic review and historical materials,the paper reflects on the academic research on the U.S.barter loans to China during the Anti-Japanese War.From the perspective of the process of loan consisting of contract text,specific utilization and barter payment,the paper analyzes the basic debt relationship issues in research such as debt statistics,key items in contract,loan utilization,debt repayment and trade regulations.The paper thus analyzes the trade issues,such as unified purchase and marketing,transportation,finance on trade and strategic game of great powers,and then builds a theoretical framework for the study of the history of U.S.barter loans to China.At the same time,the paper reveals the correlation between the archival resources and the research paradigm on the topic,pointing out that the use of the relevant archival resources in the United States is the key turning and necessary path to the further study.