北京市医药健康行业典型园区减污降碳协同路径

Path of Co-control of Pollution and Carbon Emissions Reduction in Typical Parks of Pharmaceutical and Health Industry in Beijing

北京市医药健康行业已逐渐趋于集群化,开展产业园区减污降碳协同发展路径研究,对如何实现经济发展、污染减排及绿色低碳协同增效具有重要意义.以制造型和研发型两个典型园区为样本,采用园区2020年实际生产活动水平数据,选取6项减污降碳协同增效措施,构建协同发展情景,针对不同类型的产业园区提出协同发展路径.结果表明:①典型园区的碳排放主要来自天然气和电等能源消费环节,污染物排放主要来自重点排污企业.研发型园区各排放量明显低于制造型园区,大气污染排放量仅占制造型园区的25%.②能源结构及强度和污染物减排措施可分别促成研发型园区减污降碳协同排放量减排62.6%和37.4%,制造型园区为81.6%和13.5%.③调整园区能源结构及治理重点排污企业可实现协同减排,减排速度更多体现在大气污染物;降低能耗强度可实现协同减排,碳减排速度更快;受园区产业结构特殊性影响,优化产业结构可能导致园区不同程度的协同增排或不协同.④优先选择调整能源结构、降低能耗强度和污染物减排纳入协同路径;制造型园区可适当扩大重点排污企业治理范围,研发型园区还应另外关注园区公用环保设施的协同作用;园区层面的优化产业结构措施需因地制宜,科学引导产业转型和高新技术企业入驻.

The agglomeration of carbon emissions from the pharmaceutical and health industry has been growing gradually in Beijing.Conducting research on the path of co-control of pollution and carbon emission reduction in industrial parks is essential to realize synergy between economic development,pollution reduction,and green low-carbon.Based on the production activity data in 2020 of two typical parks of manufacturing and R&D,we selected six measures for co-control of pollution and carbon emission reduction and set up a synergistic development scenario to explore the collaborative development path of different types of parks.The results showed that:①The primary carbon emission source in the two parks was energy consumption,such as natural gas and electricity,whereas the major pollution source was from key polluting enterprises.The emissions in the R&D park were significantly lower than those in manufacturing parks,with atmospheric pollutant emissions accounting for 25% of the manufacturing park's emissions.②Energy structure and intensity,along with pollutant emission reduction measures,contributed 62.6% and 37.4% to pollution and carbon emission reduction for the R&D park and 81.6% and 13.5% for manufacturing park,respectively.③Adjusting the energy structure of the park and prioritizing the management of key polluting enterprises could achieve synergistic emission reduction,with the rate of emission reduction primarily reflecting atmospheric pollutants.Reducing energy intensity could also facilitate synergistic emission reduction,with a rapid rate of carbon emission reduction.Optimizing the industrial structure could lead to different degrees of pollution and carbon emissions increasing synergistically or not synergistically,owing to the particularity of the industrial structure of the park.④Applying measures to adjust the energy structure and reduce energy intensity and pollutant emissions into the collaborative path should be a priority.The governance scope of key polluting enterprises should be appropriately expanded in manufacturing parks.The synergistic effect of public environmental protection facilities of R&D parks should be focused on,in addition to reducing corporate pollutant emissions.Measures to optimize industrial structure at the park level should be adjusted to local conditions and scientifically guide industrial transformation and the settlement of high-tech enterprises.