基于空气辐射荧光的α活度测量模型的建立

Establishment of α Activity Measurement Model Based on Alpha-Induced Air Radioluminescence

基于传统α辐射探测技术探测距离近的现状,利用α辐射诱导空气辐射荧光的原理,研究远程α辐射活度测量模型。通过建立基于点源的α辐射活度测量模型,利用光电倍增管对α辐射诱导辐射荧光的光子进行测量,建立了放射源活度与光电倍增管荧光净计数率的经验公式。研究不同能量的放射源、介质和压强对荧光转换效率的影响。结果表明,^(241)Am源在空气中的荧光转换效率为3.24×10^(-6)~7.83×10^(-6),能量较高的放射源具有更高的荧光转换效率;压强与荧光转换效率呈线性正相关;在空气、氮气和氩气三种气体中,氩气能有效提高荧光转换效率。利用经验公式计算放射源活度,探究荧光转换效率的影响因素,可为提高远程α辐射探测效率和准确性提供参考。

Based on traditional alpha radiation detection technology for detecting nearby distances,using the principle of alpha radiation particles inducing air fluorescence,remote measurement of alpha radiation activity can be achieved.By establishing a model for alpha activity measurement based on point sources,and using photomultiplier tubes to measure the photons induced by alpha radiation,an empirical formula relating the source activity to the net photon counting rate of the photomultiplier tube was developed.The study investigated the factors influencing fluorescence conversion efficiency by changing radiation sources of different energies,altering media,and varying pressures.The results showed that the fluorescence conversion efficiency of ^(241)Am source in air to be 3.24×10^(-6)-7.83×10^(-6).Sources with higher energy exhibit higher fluorescence conversion efficiency.Pressure shows a linear positive correlation with fluorescence conversion efficiency.Among air,nitrogen,and argon,argon gas was found to effectively enhance the fluorescence efficiency The empirical formula can be used for calculating the activity of radioactive sources.Investigating the factors influencing fluorescence conversion efficiency provides data references for improving the efficiency and accuracy of remote α radiation detection.