气溶胶污染物跨楼层扩散特性的数值模拟

Numerical Study on the Cross-floor Transmission Characteristics of Aerosol Pollutants

结合风洞实验和数值模拟,以敞开式阳台的六层居民建筑为研究对象,探究来流风向和发生楼层高度对气溶胶污染物跨楼层扩散传播特性的影响。结果表明,在迎风面建筑物高度2H/3附近有明显的Z方向速度分界,而背风面该速度分界线在H/3附近,导致气溶胶污染物在3楼释放时,前者向斜下方扩散,后者向斜上方扩散传播。当污染物在背风侧1、5楼释放时扩散风险最大,而在3楼时扩散风险最小;当污染源位于迎风侧3楼时扩散危险性最高,其次为5楼,而污染源位于1楼时不会对周围楼层产生任何影响。本研究有助于理解建筑立面流动与扩散的复杂性,对于抑制污染物的跨楼层传播具有指导意义。

Wind tunnel experiment and numerical simulation were used to investigate the influence of incoming wind direction and floor height on the cross-floor propagation characteristics of aerosol pollutants in a six-story residential building with open balconies.Research shows that there is an obvious velocity boundary in the Z direction near 2H/3 of the building height on the windward side,while the velocity boundary is near H/3 on the leeward side.As a result,when the aerosol pollutants are released on the third floor,the former will diffuse below the slope,while the latter will diffuse up to the slope.When the pollutants are released on the leeward side of the 1st and 5th floor,the diffusion risk is the highest,while the diffusion risk is the lowest when released on the 3rd floor.When the pollution source is located on the windward side of the 3rd floor,the risk of diffusion is highest,followed by the 5th floor,and when the pollution source is located on the 1st floor,it will not have any impact on the surrounding floors.This paper is helpful for understanding the complexity of the flow and diffusion along building facades,and this study has guiding significance for curbing the cross-floor transmission of pollutants.