文化依恋对民族地区大学生主观幸福感的影响——文化认同的中介作用

The Influence of Cultural Attachment on Subjective Well-being:The Mediating Role of Cultural Identity

为探讨民族地区大学生文化依恋对其主观幸福感的影响及文化认同在两者之间所起的中介作用,采用文化依恋量表、多民族青少年文化认同问卷和主观幸福感量表,对519名大学生进行调查研究。结果表明:(1)大学生具有中等程度的文化依恋、积极的民族文化和主流文化认同、较高的幸福感体验;(2)文化依恋与大学生主观幸福感呈显著负相关,文化认同与大学生主观幸福感呈显著正相关;(3)依恋回避与依恋焦虑显著负向预测大学生的主观幸福感,主流文化认同显著正向预测大学生的主观幸福感;(4)主流文化在依恋回避和依恋焦虑与主观幸福感的关系中起部分中介作用,民族文化与主流文化在依恋回避与主观幸福感之间起链式中介作用。研究说明双文化认同状态是影响文化依恋与大学生主观幸福感关系的重要内因,这在一定程度上帮助理解民族高校大学生主观幸福感的形成机制,为提升该地区大学生主观幸福感提供重要参考。

To reveal the influence of cultural attachment on subjective well-being of college students and the mediating role of cultural identity in them,a survey of 519 college students in ethnic region was conducted by using Cultural Attachment Style scale,Chinese Multiethnic Adolescent Cultural Identity Questionnaire and Index of Well-being.The results indicated that(1) college students had medium degree of cultural attachment,positive ethnic cultural and dominant cultural identity and high happiness;that(2) cultural attachment was significantly negatively correlated with the subjective well-being of college students,while cultural identity was significantly positively correlated with the subjective well-being of college students;that(3) attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety significantly negatively predicted the subjective well-being of college students,while dominant cultural identity significantly positively predicted the subjective well-being of college students;that(4) dominant culture partially mediated the relationship between attachment avoidance,attachment anxiety and subjective well-being,and ethnic culture and dominant culture played a chain-mediated role in the relationship between attachment avoidance and subjective well-being.The research demonstrated that the status of bi-cultural identity was an important internal factor affecting the relationship between cultural attachment and the subjective well-being of college students,which was helpful for understanding the formation mechanism of the subjective well-being of college students,and provided an important reference for improving their subjective well-being in ethnic regions.