大棚大果型西瓜半吊蔓高密度种植模式及关键栽培技术

High-density and Semi-hanging Vine Planting Mode of Large-fruit Watermelon and Its Key Cultivation Technologies in Plastic Greenhouse

大棚种植大果型西瓜一般采用爬地种植,种植株数少、坐瓜数少、产量低,效费比(纯收入/总投入)不高,在1.2~1.6。经多年试验研究,将爬地种植与吊蔓种植2种模式的优势相结合,形成了大棚大果型西瓜半吊蔓高密度种植模式,该模式采用半吊蔓高密度种植,营养枝吊蔓生长,结果枝爬地坐瓜,大幅度提高了种植密度和产量,单位面积产量增加70%,纯收入增加1倍左右,效费比1.7~2.2,在不大幅增加劳动强度和种植成本的基础上,实现了高密度、高产量、高效益。

Large-fruit watermelons are generally planted on the ground in plastic greenhouses,with fewer plants,fewer fruits,lower yield and lower cost-effectiveness ratio(net income/total input)ranging from 1.2-1.6.After many years of experiment and research,the advantages of planting on the ground and hanging vine planting were combined,and high-density and semi-hanging vine planting mode of large-fruit watermelon was formed.This mode adopts high-density and semi-hanging vine planting,with the vegetative branch hanging on the vine and the fruiting branch climbing on the ground,which greatly improves the planting density and yield.The yield increase by 70%per unit area,with the net income increasing by about twice,and the cost-effectiveness ratio was 1.7-2.2.On the basis of not significantly increasing labor intensity and planting costs,high density,high yield and high efficiency have been achieved.