燕窝神经保护作用研究进展

Research progress on neuroprotective effects of edible bird’s nests

燕窝是一种药食两用的天然滋补品,具有免疫调节、抗炎、促进子代智力发育、神经保护、调节肠道菌群等活性,但其发挥神经保护作用的活性成分和机制尚不清晰。该文综述了燕窝的基本组成与活性成分、燕窝神经保护作用及机制,发现燕窝中的活性成分如唾液酸、蛋白质、聚糖可通过神经营养、氧化应激和炎症反应调控等途径发挥神经保护作用。结合燕窝消化吸收特性,指出了肠-脑轴是燕窝发挥神经保护作用的可能途径。最后对燕窝的未来研究方向进行了展望,旨在为燕窝的进一步研究和高值化利用提供参考。

Edible bird′s nest(EBN)is a prized natural substance served as both medicinal and food purposes,which possesses the activities of immune regulation,anti-inflammation,offspring intelligence development promotion,neuroprotection,intestinal flora regulation,and so on.However,the specific ingredients and mechanisms that contribute to neuroprotective properties of EBN remained obscure.This review delved into the fundamental composition and bioactive ingredients of EBN,as well as its neuroprotective effects and mechanisms.The findings indicated that the bioactive ingredients in EBN,including salivary acids,proteins,and polysaccharides,would confer its neuroprotective benefits through the modulation of neurotrophic effect,oxidative stress,and inflammatory responses.This review further illuminated the gut-brain axis as a potential pathway for the neuroprotective effects of EBN considering its digestion and absorption characteristics.Finally,a forward-looking perspective on EBN research was provided,which would facilitate the further research and high-value utilization of EBN in neuroprotection.