白血病患儿环境暴露风险因素调查及防范策略

Environmental exposure risk survey and preventive strategies in children with leukemia

目的分析白血病患儿环境暴露风险因素及防范策略。方法选取2020年8月—2022年8月绍兴第二医院医共体总院收治的137例白血病患儿为研究组,另选取健康体检儿童107例为对照组,分析白血病患儿环境暴露风险因素。结果本研究共发出问卷244份(研究组137份,对照组107份),收回240份(研究组135份,对照组105份),回收率为98.36%。研究组中,包括急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿114例(84.44%),急性髓系白血病患儿21例(15.56%)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示:母亲孕期吸烟/饮酒/染发、父亲孕期吸烟/饮酒/染发、母亲孕期X线检查、母亲孕期接触涂料或农药、儿童卧室有电器、家庭室内1年内装修、居住地附近500 m有化工厂、母亲孕期疾病史是白血病患儿环境暴露的风险因素(均P<0.05)。结论幼儿白血病中急性淋巴细胞白血病比例较高,母亲孕期吸烟/饮酒/染发、X线检查、接触涂料或农药及疾病史、父亲孕期吸烟/饮酒/染发、儿童卧室有电器、家庭室内1年内装修、居住地附近500 m有化工厂为白血病患儿环境暴露的危险因素。

Objective To analyze the environmental exposure risk survey and prevention strategies of children with leukemia.Methods A total of 137 children with leukemia admitted to General Hospital of Medical Community,the Second Hospital of Shaoxing from August 2020 to August 2022 were selected as study group,and 107 healthy children were selected as control group,the environmental exposure risk factors for children with leukemia were analyzed.Results A total of 244 questionnaires were sent out(137 questionnaires in study group and 107 questionnaires in control group),240 questionnaires were obtained(135 questionnaires in study group and 105 questionnaires in control group),the recovery rate was 98.36%.In study group,114 children(84.44%)with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 21 children(15.56%)with acute myelogenous leukemia were included.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that maternal smoking/drinking/perm during pregnancy,paternal smoking/drinking/perm during pregnancy,maternal X-ray examination during pregnancy,maternal exposure to paints or pesticides,electrical appliances in the children's bedroom,indoor decoration within one year,chemical factories 500 meters near the residence,and maternal disease history during pregnancy were the main factors affecting environmental exposure of children with leukemia(all P<0.05).Conclusion Acute lymphoblastic leukemia accounts for a high proportion of childhood leukemia.Smoking/drinking/perm during pregnancy,X-ray examination,exposure to paints or pesticides,and a history of illness of the mothers,smoking/drinking/perm of the fathers during pregnancy,electrical appliances in the children's bedroom,decoration within one year in the family room,and chemical plants 500 meters near the residence are risk factors for environmental exposure of children with childhood leukemia.