基于拓扑优化的结构参数对风力机叶片性能影响分析

Analysis of the Impact of Structural Parameters on the Performance of Wind Turbine Blades Based on Topological Optimization

目前大型风力机叶片拓扑优化与结构参数设计相互脱节,导致拓扑优化结果不能很好地指导叶片结构参数设计。针对这一问题,以Sandia 5 MW叶片作为研究对象,采用拓扑优化方法寻找多工况作用下叶片的最佳材料分布。提取叶片主梁宽度、主梁偏移和腹板偏移角(主梁错位角)3个主要结构参数,分析各参数对叶片性能的影响。结果表明:主梁在距叶根约1/3处最宽,然后沿着叶片长度逐渐减小;5°左右腹板偏移角可提升叶片整体一阶固有频率及叶片位移性能;同时叶片一阶固有频率主要受襟翼方向的刚度影响。

The current topology optimization and structural parameter design of large wind turbine blades are disconnected,resulting in topology optimization results cannot effectively guide the design of blade structural parameters.For this problem,Sandia 5 MW blade was studied by topology optimization method to find the optimal material distribution of blades under multiple working conditions.Three main structural parameters,including blade main beam width,main beam offset and web offset angle(main girder dislocation angle)were extracted to analyze the impact of each parameter on blade performance.The results show that the main beam is the widest at about 1/3 blade root,and then gradually decreases along the blade length;about 5°web offset angle can improve the overall first-order natural frequency and blade displacement performance;at the same time,the first-order natural frequency of the blade is mainly affected by the stiffness in the flap direction.