企业战略性技术创新与产业自主可控水平

Strategic Technological Innovation of Enterprises and Industrial Autonomy and Controllability

点战略性技术创新作为政府支持企业创新活动的重要模式,是实现产业自主可控的重要路径。本文以2010一2021年111家制造业单项冠军企业为样本,从企业与政府研发目标的匹配性视角阐述了战略性技术创新内涵,并提出了战略性技术创新投入的测度方式,探究了企业战略性技术创新对产业自主可控水平的促进作用及其主要机制。研究发现,企业战略性技术创新能够促进产业自主可控水平提升。机制分析表明,战略性技术创新投入可以通过缓解创新融资约束的基本机制、促进组织边界延伸的关系强化机制、推动技术迭代升级的资源集成机制提升产业自主可控水平。进一步分析发现,战略性技术创新投入对产业自主可控水平存在显著的中长期影响,民营企业战略性技术创新投入对产业自主可控水平的短期作用更强。非战略性技术创新对产业自主可控水平也存在正向影响,国有企业的战略性与非战略性技术创新投入之间存在替代效应。本文丰富了产业自主可控水平影响因素的相关研究,可为企业技术创新战略选择和高质量发展提供借鉴。

Strategic technological innovation,as an important mode of government support for firm innovation activities,is an important path to achieve industrial autonomy and controllability.“Strategic”refers to the strategic effectiveness of enterprises in undertaking R&D projects oriented towards the strategic needs of a country.With the deepening reform of the scientific and technological systems and mechanisms,the degree of matching between the R&D objectives of the government and enterprises has gradually increased.From the perspective of project functions,there is a clearer objective for the government to support the R&D activities of enterprises.From the perspective of technical attributes of projects,there is higher technological integration involved in strategic technological innovation.From the point of view of the project organization,strategic technological innovation in enterprises contributes to achieving national goals using a new organizational form.The specialized,refinement,differential,and innovation(SRDI)enterprises are an important link in the security of the national industrial chain,especially in the high-end composition of the industrial chain.As an important part of the SRDI enterprises,manufacturing single champion constitutes one of the best carriers for practicing“strategic”.Based on a sample of 1lll Chinese listed single champion firms from 2010 to 2021,this paper elaborates on the connotation of strategic technological innovation from the perspective of matching the R&D objectives of firms and the government,proposes a measurement method for input in strategic technological innovation,and explores the role of firms'strategic technological innovation in improving industrial autonomy and controllability and its mechanisms.It is found that firms'strategic technological innovation can enhance industrial autonomy and controllability.The mechanism test shows that strategic technological innovation improves industrial autonomy and controllability by reducing financing constraints for innovation,promoting the extension of organizational boundaries,and facilitating technological iteration and upgrading.Further analyses show that there is a significant medium-and long-term effect of strategic technological innovation on industrial autonomy and controllability,and the short-term effect of private firms'strategic technological innovation on industrial autonomy and controllability is stronger.Non-strategic technological innovation has a positive effect on industrial autonomy and controllability,and there is a substitution effect between strategic and non-strategic technological innovation of state-owned enterprises.This paper enriches related research on the factors influencing industrial autonomy and controllability,which can provide a reference for the choice of firms'technological innovation strategy and high-quality development.