大球盖菇遗传育种研究进展

Research Progress on Genetic Breeding of Stropharia rugosoannulata

大球盖菇(Stropharia rugosoannulata)营养丰富,栽培简易,是联合国粮食和农业组织向发展中国家推荐栽培的食用菌品种。近年来,我国大球盖菇产业发展迅速,对优良品种的需求日益迫切,同时我国的大球盖菇育种研究也取得较多成果,但缺乏系统总结和报道。该文从大球盖菇遗传特性、种质资源分布、育种方法及成果、经官方审(认)定或申请专利保护的品种等方面首次综述了我国大球盖菇遗传育种的研究进展,并对大球盖菇育种的重点方向进行展望,以期为我国大球盖菇优良品种的培育和各地引种栽培大球盖菇时进行品种选择提供参考依据。

As a recommended edible mushroom for cultivating in developing countries by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,Stropharia rugosoannulata(the roundhead mushroom)is rich in nutrients and easy to cultivate.In recent years,S.rugosoannulata industry in China has been developing rapidly,leading to an urgent demand for excellent varieties.Meanwhile,the breeding research of S.rugosoannulata in China has also achieved some positive results,but there is a lack of systematic collection and report at present.This study reviewed the research progress on genetic breeding of S.rugosoannulata for the first time,including genetic characteristics,distribution of germplasm resources,breeding methods and achievements,excellent varieties that have been officially certificated or patented,and prospected for the key direction of S.rugosoannulata breeding,in order to provide reference for the breeding of excellent varieties of S.rugosoannulata and the selection of suitable varieties when introducing this mushroom to different regions in China.