关于中国特色农民工制度安排

On the Institution of Migrant Workers with Chinese Characteristics

农民工是中国式现代化进程中的一个特殊社会群体,是国家现代化建设的重要贡献者。改革开放以来,中国特色农民工制度经历了市场经济体制下以劳动就业为重点、2006年后以农民工权益保障为重点以及党的十八大以来以农民工市民化为重点的制度形成历程。目前,中国农民工制度已初步形成了较为完整的制度体系,具有以人为本、与经济社会发展及改革发展进程相适应、政府与社会共同参与管理服务等鲜明特点。农民工问题仍然是中国社会面临的挑战之一,解决农民工问题的基本思路是要坚持城市化导向,充分发挥市场和政府两种力量,保持历史耐心,把长远目标和解决当前问题结合起来。本文认为当前要围绕市民化完善农民工制度,完善就业制度、社会保障制度、公共服务制度、户籍制度、权益监督制度、返乡创业支持制度以及相关土地制度等方面的措施。

As a special group,migrant workers are important contributors to the process of Chinese modernization.Institutions of migrant workers with Chinese characteristics have been gradually formed with emphasis evolving from labor employment under a market economic system,protection of the rights and intertest of migrant workers since 2006,to integration of migrant workers into cities since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.China's institutions of migrant workers have presently formed a relatively complete institutional framework with distinct features,including people oriented,adapted to socioeconomic process and reform,and shared management between government and society.Issues of migrant workers still are the major challenges in Chinese society.Persisting in urbanization oriented,bringing market and government forces into full play,and staying patient when integrating long-term goals with current tasks are the basic thoughts in solving issues of migrant workers.It is suggested to take measures centered on integrating migrant workers into cities to improve related institutions,including employment,social security,public service,household registration,monitoring of rights and interest,supporting returnee entrepreneurship,and land to improve the institution of migrant workers.