多维空间视角下水域村落的演变与振兴——基于雄安新区王家寨村案例解析

The Evolution and Revitalization of Water Villages Based on Multi-dimensional Space:A Case Analysis of Wangjiazhai Village in Xiongan New Area

随着生态文明的推进、国土空间规划体系的建立和城乡融合的发展,乡村空间面临转型与重构。从微观视角看,不同类型村落的空间演变过程与特点存在较大差异。本文采用“物质—社会—文化”多维空间分析框架,以雄安新区白洋淀淀中村王家寨村为例,分析了村落近现代的历时性演变特征与过程,探讨了环白洋淀水域村庄的振兴路径,以期为整个华北地区具有历史积淀的淀泊型水域村落振兴提供借鉴。研究表明,村落的多维空间自现代以来发展较快并呈现出新特征;多维空间变迁受国家政策、居民发展、村落精英、市场变动、生态理念、国际环境等内外部因素的强烈影响,导致目前村落发展呈现多面压力;环白洋淀水域村落振兴应基于乡村空间与乡村振兴的内在关联,在“空间—功能—治理”协同理念基础上,从治理主体、治理对象和治理方式上推动以“物质—社会—文化”多维空间分类治理的乡村振兴实践。

With the advance of ecological civilization,the establishment of territorial space planning system and the developing wave of urban-rural integration,rural space is facing transformation and reconstruction.From a micro perspective,great differences exist in the evolution process and characteristics of each type of village space.Using a multidimensional space analysis framework of“material-social-culture”,taking Wangjiazhai,a water village of Baiyangdian in Xiongan New Area as an example,this paper analyzes the characteristics and process of the diachronic evolution of villages in contemporary modern times,and the current predicament.The revitalization path of villages around Baiyangdian is discussed in order to provide reference for the revitalization of water villages with historical deposits in North China.The results show that the multi-dimensional space of Wangjiazhai Village has evolved rapidly and presented new characteristics since modern times.The village are strongly influenced by national policies,residential development,village elites,market changes,ecological ideas,international environment and other internal and external factors resulting in a multi-faceted press.Such villages'revitalization should be based on the internal relationship between rural space and rural revitalization,and on the basis of the collaborative concept of“space-function-governance”,and the practice of rural revitalization should be promoted by classifying the multi-dimensional space of“material-society-culture”from the aspects of governance subjects,governance objects and governance methods.