基于在线健康社区的老年肺癌患者健康信息需求研究

A study of health information needs of elderly lung cancer patients based on an online health community

目的本研究采用主题分析和统计分析相结合的研究方法,分析老年肺癌患者的健康信息需求及分布规律。方法首先,使用“八爪鱼”数据采集器爬取“好大夫在线”健康平台上2022年11月—2023年4月发布的年龄≥60岁的老年人问诊信息,筛选出肺癌患者问诊数据,并对数据进行预处理;然后,利用Python集成的机器学习工具执行K-means聚类程序,对问诊数据进行主题划分,从而深度挖掘老年肺癌患者健康信息需求;最后,从性别、年龄等角度分析老年肺癌患者健康信息需求的差异性。结果共得到44354条规范化数据集,其中老年肺癌患者问诊数据2538条。老年肺癌患者健康信息需求主要包括新型冠状病毒感染时期肺癌疾病管理与风险把控(445条,17.53%)、检查与诊断(569条,22.42%)、病理学特征(604条,23.80%)、治疗(665条,26.20%)、术后管理(114条,4.49%)、疼痛管理(97条,3.82%)以及健康生活方式及预防(44条,1.73%)等7个方面。不同性别(χ^(2)=18.004,P=0.006)、不同年龄(χ^(2)=61.178,P<0.001)老年肺癌患者健康信息需求差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年肺癌患者健康信息需求呈现出复杂性和多元性,性别和年龄是患者健康信息需求的影响因素。医务人员应以患者需求为导向制定个性化、多元化的健康教育内容,从而提升患者健康管理效果。

Objective To analyze the health information needs and distribution patterns of elderly lung cancer patients u-sing a combination of thematic and statistical analysis.Methods Firstly,the Octopus data collector was used to crawl the consultation information of elderly people aged≥60 years posted on the health platform of"Good Doctor Online"from November 2022 to April 2023,to screen the consultation data of lung cancer patients,and to pre-process the data.Sub-sequently,Python integrated machine learning tools were used to execute K-means clustering procedures to divide the in-quiry data into topics,so as to deeply explore the health information needs of elderly patients with lung cancer.Finally,the differences of health information needs of elderly patients with lung cancer were analyzed from the perspective of gen-der and age.Results A total of 44354 standardized datasets were obtained,including 2538 consultations from elderly lung cancer patients.The health information needs of lung cancer patients were predominantly distributed across seven thematic areas which included disease management and risk control related to lung cancer during the COVID-19 period(445,17.53%),examinations and diagnosis(569,22.42%),pathological features(604,23.80%),treatment(665,26.20%),postoperative management(114,4.49%),pain management(97,3.82%),and healthy lifestyle and prevention(44,1.73%).There was a statistical difference(P<0.05)in the needs for health information among elderly lung cancer patients of different genders(χ^(2)=18.004,P=0.006)and ages(χ^(2)=61.178,P<0.001).Conclu-sion The health information needs of elderly patients with lung cancer show complexity and diversity.Gender and age are the influencing factors of the health information needs of patients.Medical personnel should develop personalized and diversified health education content oriented to patients' needs,so as to promote the effect of patients' health manage-ment.