单髁膝关节置换术治疗膝前内侧间室骨关节炎的临床效果

Clinical Effect of Unicondylar Knee Replacement in the Treatment of Anterior Medial Compartment Osteoarthritis of the Knee

目的分析单髁膝关节置换术治疗膝前内侧间室骨关节炎的临床效果。方法回顾性选取2021年1月—2023年10月徐州市肿瘤医院收治的84例膝前内侧间室骨性关节炎患者的临床资料,按不同治疗方案分为对照组(全膝关节置换术)与研究组(单髁膝关节置换术),各42例。对比两组手术相关指标及术后3个月疼痛程度、膝关节功能、膝关节活动度、生活质量评分、术后并发症发生率。结果研究组切口长度、手术时间、恢复屈膝>90°时间均短于对照组,术中失血量少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。术后3个月,相比于对照组,研究组疼痛评分更低,膝关节功能评分更高,膝关节活动度更大,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。术后3个月,研究组生活质量评定量表中的心理评分、生理评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。研究组并发症发生率为4.76%(2/42),低于对照组的19.05%(8/42),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.087,P<0.05)。结论单髁膝关节置换术治疗膝前内侧间室骨关节炎的疗效较理想,能够减轻疼痛,高效改善膝关节屈膝功能,显著提高关节活动度和生活质量,且术后并发症少。

Objective To analyze the clinical effect of unicondylar knee replacement in the treatment of anterior medical compartment osteoarthritis of the knee.Methods Clinical data of 84 patients with anterior medical compartment osteoarthritis of the knee admitted to Xuzhou Cancer Hospital from January 2021 to October 2023 were retrospectively selected,and they were divided into control group(total knee arthroplasty)and study group(unicondylar knee arthroplasty)according to different treatment plans,with 42 cases in each group.The parameters related to surgery,pain degree 3 months after surgery,knee function,knee motion,quality of life score and postoperative complication rate were compared between the two groups.Results The incision length,operation time and recovery time of knee bend>90°in the study group were shorter than those in the control group,and the intraoperative blood loss was less than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Three months after surgery,compared with the control group,the pain score of the study group was lower,the knee function score was higher,and the knee motion was greater,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Three months after surgery,the psychological scores and physiological scores of the Item Short Form-12 in the study group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(both P<0.05).The complication rate of the study group was 4.76%(2/42%),which was lower than that 9.05%(81/42)of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.087,P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of single condyle knee arthroplasty for anterior medial compartment osteoarthritis is excellent,reducing pain scores,effectively improving knee flexion function,increasing mobility and quality of life,and reducing postoperative complications.