县域中职学校学生隐性辍学现象的类型、归因及治理对策

Types,Causes and Countermeasures for the Hidden Dropout of Secondary Vocational School Students in County-level Areas

中职学校学生隐性辍学问题是影响职业教育高质量发展的难点。实体调研发现,我国县域中职学校学生隐性辍学现象有读书无望、读书无用、读书无趣三种类型。分层化的教育分流机制、功利化的人才培养定位和情感匮乏的学校生活空间是其主要原因。因此,要破除中职学生隐性辍学问题,必须要完善职业教育内部纵向贯通和与普通教育的横向融通,帮助学生树立读书有希望的观念;加大中职教育人才培养供给侧结构改革,完善学生读书有用的路径;增强中职学生情感关怀和教育体验,帮助学生建立读书有意义的生活方式。

The problem of hidden dropout in secondary vocational schools is a difficult point that affects the high-quality development of vocational education.A field survey found that there are three types of hidden dropout in secondary vocational schools in county-level areas in China:hopelessness about studying,uselessness of studying,and lack of interest in studying.The main reasons for this are the hierarchical educational stream allocation mechanism,the utilitarian talent cultivation orientation,and the lack of emotional care in the school living space.Therefore,to solve the problem of hidden dropout in secondary vocational school students,it is necessary to improve the internal vertical integration and horizontal integration between vocational and general education,helping students form the concept of studying being hopeful;increase the supply-side structural reform of vocational education talent cultivation,and improve the path of studying being useful;enhance emotional care and educational experience for students,and help them establish a meaningful way of studying.