职普融通政策的变迁历程、演进逻辑与发展路向

Course Change,Evolutionary Logic and Development Directions of the Vocational-general Education Integration Policy

职普融通既是我国教育结构优化和教育体系完善的关键内容,也是推进教育高质量发展的重要举措。运用历史制度主义分析范式,以职普融通政策文本为基础,分析发现:职普融通政策经历前期渗透、探索推进、体系构建和深化发展四个时期;制度环境、社会需求和文化观念等构成职普融通政策变迁的深层结构;受退出成本、学习效应、协调效应和适应性预期影响,职普融通政策变迁体现出强劲的路径依赖特征,同时存在以重大事件为表现形式的“关键节点”。故政策制定者在推进职普融通政策创新时,需要完善配套政策体系,提升政策治理能力;健全多元主体参与机制,形成协同推进动力;优化政策实施环境,强化政策执行效力。

The vocational-general education integration is not only a key aspect of optimizing education structure and improving the education system,but also an important measure to promote high-quality development of education.Using the analytical paradigm of historical institutionalism and based on the analysis of the text of vocational-general education integration policies,the study found that policies have gone through four periods:early infiltration,exploration and promotion,system construction and deepening development;the deep structure influencing policy changes includes the national institutional environment,social needs and cultural concepts;affected by exit costs,learning effects,coordination effects,and adaptability expectations,policy changes exhibit strong path dependence characteristics,while there are"key nodes"in the form of major events.Therefore,in order to promote policy innovation,policymakers need to improve the supporting policy system and enhance policy governance capabilities;establish a sound diversified participation mechanism and form a collaborative driving force for promotion;optimize the policy implementation environment and strengthen the effectiveness of policy implementation.