资本主义的雅努斯:资本抑或云地租——技术封建主义思潮对《资本论》的误读

Janus of Capitalism:Capital or Cloud Rent——The Misunderstanding of Capital by Technofeudalism

技术封建主义思潮是当代西方左翼思想中的最新成果,该思潮主张资本主义正在以一种倒退的形式——封建主义——走向终结。其封建性特点主要体现在类土地概念的回归、附庸关系的加深以及云贵族产生后等级秩序与权力架构的重新分配上。在传统的商品二重性与劳动二重性基础上,技术封建主义提出了资本的第三属性,即资本具有对他人实施行为矫正的权力,这正是数字时代平台作用于用户的真实写照。不过,通过与马克思的对比就能发现,瓦鲁法基斯对资本的理解是存在偏差的,他试图通过证明利润变成地租、市场变成云封地来反证资本主义的灭亡,这一方案是失败的。我们必须明确消灭资本主义的关键是要回到以剩余价值为基础的剥削方式和以私有制为基础的生产方式中,只要剩余价值和私有制不消失,我们就不能轻易地说出“资本主义已死”。所以,技术封建主义在本质上仍是资本主义,是资本主义带上雅努斯面具之后的双面伪装。

The trend of technofeudalism is the latest achievement in contemporary western left-wing thoughts,which advocates that capitalism is coming to an end in a regressive form-feudalism.Its feudal characteristics are mainly reflected in the return of the concept of land,the deepening of vassal relationships,and the redistribution of hierarchical order and power structure after the emergence of the cloudalist.Based on the traditional duality of goods and labor,technofeudalism proposes the third attribute of capital:That is,capital has the power to correct the behavior of others,which is a true portrayal of the role of platforms on users in the digital age.However,by comparing with Marx,it can be found that Varoufakis had a biased understanding of capital.He attempted to prove the demise of capitalism by proving that profits turned into rent and markets turned into cloud fiefdoms,but this plan was a failure.We must make it clear that the key to eliminating capitalism is to return to the exploitation based on surplus value and the production based on private ownership.If surplus value and private ownership do not disappear,we cannot easily say that“capitalism is dead”.So,technofeudalism is essentially capitalism,a doublesided disguise of capitalism wearing the Janus mask.