地方人才政策议题界定的演进模式与时空差异——基于省委机关报的文本挖掘实证研究

The Evolving Mode and Space-time Differences in the Issue Definitions on Local Talent Policy:An Empirical Analysis of the Articles Carried in Provincial Party Committee Publications

地方政府如何理解与阐释人才议题是实施更加有效的人才政策的重要前提。本文聚焦省级政府对人才政策的议题界定,基于2012年以来各省委机关报与人才相关的5345条报道,运用文本挖掘方法分析人才政策议题界定与时空演进,并区分三大人才高地与其他地区揭示议题界定的空间差异。研究发现,我国省级人才政策议题界定聚焦于“党管人才”“乡村振兴”“产业发展”“体制机制”“科技创新”“职业技能”“教育培养”七大主题,北京、上海和广东为代表的三大人才高地在议题界定上呈现不同样态,地方人才政策存在“重引进轻培育”与“重发展轻改革”的阶段性特征。基于此,从坚持党管人才重要原则,加快建设世界重要人才中心和创新高地,全方位培养、引进、用好人才三方面提出对策建议。本文的研究有助于增进我国人才强国战略的研究积累,推动人才政策领域实证研究方法的创新,为深化人才发展体制机制改革提供政策参考。

How local governments understand and interpret talent issues is an important prerequisite for policy design and effective governance.This paper focuses on the issue definition of talent policy by the provincial governments.Based on 5,345 reports related to talent in the provincial party committee newspapers since 2012,this paper analyzes the topic characteristics and spatial-temporal evolution of the issue definition of local talent policy by using the text-mining method and LDA topic model,and further reveals the spatial differences by distinguishing between the three major talent pools and the East,Central,West,and Northeast regions.The conclusion shows that the issue definition of provincial talent policy focuses on seven major themes,namely,“party-managed talent”,“rural revitalization”,“industrial development”,“institutional mechanism”,“scientific and technological innovation”,“vocational skills”and“education and training”,which form the key development direction of China’s talent strategy.The three major talent pools represented by Beijing,Shanghai and Guangdong show different patterns in the definition of issues,and the local talent policy is characterized by the phases of“focusing on introduction rather than cultivation”and“focusing on development rather than reform”.Based on this,suggestions are put forward in three aspects,namely,adhering to the important principle of the Party's management of talents,accelerating the construction of a world-important talent center and an innovation highland,and all-round cultivation,introduction and utilization of talents.The paper helps to enhance the accumulation of research on China's strategy on developing a quality workforce,promote the innovation of empirical research methods in the field of talent policy,and provide policy references for deepening the reform of the institutional mechanism of talent development.