基于网络舆情的大城市全龄空间问题识别及规划应对策略——以武汉市主城区为例

Identification of age-inclusive spatial issues in large cities based on online public opinion and exploration of planning strategy:Taking the main urban area of Wuhan as an example

针对城市规划建设中存在的精细化程度不足、“龄群—空间”失配等问题,以武汉市主城区为研究对象,借助网络舆情大数据,结合自然语言处理、地理统计分析等技术方法识别与各年龄群体相关的重要空间问题及其分布特征。结果表明:全龄空间问题在内容上各有侧重;老旧社区、学校及其周边街区、商业办公区等空间类型容易集中产生与特定龄群有关的问题;城市交通空间、实施更新后的居住空间等容易产生与全龄人群有关的问题;蓝绿公共空间是产生问题最少的空间类型。建议从“支持特定龄群使用”和“包容全龄人群共享”两方面优化我国全龄友好型城市发展。

The concept of"all-age friendliness"is a nascent but profound topic that impacts the spatial quality and future development of cities.This study focuses on the main urban area of Wuhan as a research subject to address issues such as insufficient refinement and mismatches between age groups and spatial needs in current urban planning and construction.Leveraging big data from online public opinion,combined with techniques such as natural language processing and geospatial statistical analysis,we identify critical spatial issues related to dfferent age groups and their distribution characteristics.We argue that spatial issues related to all age groups vary in content and emphasis.Old communities,schools and their surrounding neighborhoods,as well as commercial and office areas,are prone to issues specifically related to certain age groups.Urban transportation spaces and residential areas undergoing renewal are more likely to encounter issues pertaining to all age groups.Conversely,blue and green public spaces represent the least problematic spatial types.Based on these findings,we provide guidance for the nascent exploration of all-age friendly cities in China,focusing on two aspects:supporting the use of specific age groups and facilitating shared access for all ages.This research contributes to the ongoing efforts in enhancing the urban spatial quality and inclusivity for all age groups.