基于模糊状态估计的光伏跟踪器自动化控制技术

Automatic Control Technology of Photovoltaic Tracker Based on Fuzzy State Estimation

为提高光伏系统的效率和性能,更好地利用太阳能,提出基于模糊状态估计的光伏跟踪器自动化控制技术。基于光伏电池的等效模型,分析光伏电池在不同温度和光照强度下的输出特征。跟踪控制最大功率点,计算得到输出电压和电流,并判断工作点与光伏跟踪器的位置,结合占空比扰动法和模糊控制器,确定模糊化的输入量、输出变量以及占空比修正量,基于模糊控制规则确定并清晰化求出准确的控制量,实现光伏跟踪器的自动化控制。实验结果表明:该方法控制的光伏跟踪器在不同光照强度与温度下,跟踪成功率稳定在0.97及以上;该方法对于最大功率点的跟踪,具有较高的响应速度和稳定性。

In order to improve the efficiency and performance of photovoltaic systems and better utilize solar energy,a photovoltaic tracker automation control technology based on fuzzy state estimation is proposed.Based on the equivalent model of photovoltaic cells,analyze the output characteristics of photovoltaic cells at different temperatures and light in-tensities;Track and control the maximum power point,calculate the output voltage and current,and determine the posi-tion of the working point and the photovoltaic tracker.Combining the duty cycle disturbance method and fuzzy controller,determine the fuzzy input quantity,output variable,and duty cycle correction amount.Based on fuzzy control rules,de-termine and clarify the accurate control quantity,and achieve the automation control of the photovoltaic tracker.The ex-perimental results show that the photovoltaic tracker controlled by this method has a stable tracking success rate of 0.97 or above under different light intensities and temperatures;This method has high response speed and stability for tracking the maximum power point.