戴望舒的诗论与《恶之花》的翻译

Dai Wangshu’s Poetic Studies and the Translation of Les Fleurs du Mal

戴望舒是20世纪上半叶著名的诗人、翻译家,因其诗歌创作、诗论研究和诗歌翻译而享誉于世。1946—1947年,戴望舒将波德莱尔的《恶之花》译介到中国,在其译作《恶之花掇英》中能够发现:“诗情”作为戴望舒诗论的核心塑造了他的翻译观;在翻译风格上,“诗情”推动了戴望舒在译诗过程中对新与旧的取舍、内容和形式的变更,并进一步影响了他的翻译策略和对“‘诗’可不可译”的回答;“诗情”融汇了中国古典诗学和中国现代主流诗学的影响,在诗的艺术价值和现实价值的权衡中促使戴望舒在翻译伦理层面对《恶之花》进行选择和改写。

Dai Wangshu,a poet and translator in the first half of the twentieth century,was renowned for his research,compositions,and translations of poetry.In 1946 and 1947,he translated Baudelaire’s Les Fleurs du Mal into Mandarin in his work Selections from Les Fleurs du Mal.This study examines how Dai’s theory of“poetic emotion”influenced his approach to translation.In terms of translation style,“poetic emotion”drives Dai’s choices of new and old,changes in content and form,and further influences his decisions on translation strategy and his answer to the question“Can‘poetry’be translated?”Influenced by classical Chinese poetics and mainstream poetics in contemporary Chinese society,“poetic emotion”plays a role in the balance between artistic and social values,and influences the ethical translation of Dai’s selections and rewritings.